never in taxon
PMID:17921072
tooth SubClassOf 'never in taxon' value 'Aves'
?X DisjointWith RO_0002162 some ?Y
Chris Mungall
PMID:20973947
x never in taxon T if and only if T is a class, and x does not instantiate the class expression "in taxon some T". Note that this is a shortcut relation, and should be used as a hasValue restriction in OWL.
shorthand
imported from
part of
part_of
has part
has_part
inheres in
inheres_in
inheres_in
is bearer of
bearer of
bearer_of
participates in
participates_in
participates_in
connected to
David Osumi-Sutherland
X connected_to Y if and only if X and Y share a fiat boundary.
has component
For use in recording has_part with a cardinality constraint.
develops from
Chris Mungall
Melissa Haendel
David Osumi-Sutherland
Terry Meehan
This is the transitive form of the develops from relation
x develops from y if and only if either (a) x directly develops from y or (b) there exists some z such that x directly develops from z and z develops from y
entity
continuant
occurrent
An entity that has temporal parts and that happens, unfolds or develops through time. Sometimes also called perdurants.
a surgical operation as processual context for a nosocomical infection
occurrent
perdurant
the life of an organism
the most interesting part of Van Gogh's life
the spatiotemporal context occupied by a process of cellular meiosis
the spatiotemporal region occupied by the development of a cancer tumor
independent continuant
process
A processual entity that is a maximally connected spatiotemporal whole and has bona fide beginnings and endings corresponding to real discontinuities.
process
the life of an organism
the process of cell-division
the process of sleeping
material entity
anatomical structure
material anatomical entity
cell component
multi-cell-component structure
neuron projection bundle
multicellular anatomical structure
cell
neuron
habitat
A spatial region having environmental qualities which may sustain an organism or a community of organisms.
membrane
axon
dendrite
presynaptic membrane
cell projection
neuron projection
synapse part
cell part
synapse
postsynaptic membrane
Callichthys callichthys
41989-2
Scoloplax dolicholophia
300629
The dorsal margin of the metapterygoid
The dorsal margin of the metapterygoid: 1. ridge is present 2. absence of the lateral ethmoid ridge
ridge is present
absence of the lateral ethmoid ridge
Astroblepus sp.
273600
Nasal organ encapsulation
Nasal organ encapsulation: 1. lateral ethmoid completely surrounds and encapsulates the nasal organ from below 2. lateral ethmoid does not form a complete capsule around the nasal organ and the organ is partially or entirely open from below
lateral ethmoid completely surrounds and encapsulates the nasal organ from below
Astroblepus chotae
288021
lateral ethmoid does not form a complete capsule around the nasal organ and the organ is partially or entirely open from below
Lateral ethmoid strut
Lateral ethmoid strut: 1. lateral wings make broad contact with the dermal plates of the snout region lateral to the nostrils 2. lateral ethmoid strut is short and broad 3. lateral ethmoid strut is elongate and slender
lateral wings make broad contact with the dermal plates of the snout region lateral to the nostrils
Astroblepus festae
96627
96628
Astroblepus longifillis
70017
104208
lateral ethmoid strut is short and broad
Astroblepus simonsii
84655
lateral ethmoid strut is elongate and slender
Acestridium discus
coded as Acestridium
160692
160701
161493
160644
74460
161494
74459
The parasphenoid shaft
The parasphenoid shaft: 1. the shaft is generally broad just posterior to the lateral processes 2. parasphenoid shaft is constricted laterally and quite narrow just posterior to the lateral processes
the shaft is generally broad just posterior to the lateral processes
parasphenoid shaft is constricted laterally and quite narrow just posterior to the lateral processes
Hypoptopoma sp.
coded as Hypoptopoma
56723
36222
139463
60557
85826
53141
84005
85814
The compound pterotic-supracleithrum
The compound pterotic-supracleithrum: 1. compound pterotic-supracleithrum is roughly quadrangular in shape 2. bone bears an elongate posterior extension which forms the dorsal margin of an enlarged lateral opening of the swimbladder capsule
compound pterotic-supracleithrum is roughly quadrangular in shape
bone bears an elongate posterior extension which forms the dorsal margin of an enlarged lateral opening of the swimbladder capsule
Hypoptopoma gulare
coded as Hypoptopoma
48664
34253
Compound pterotic-supracleithrum-posttemporal
Compound pterotic-supracleithrum-posttemporal: 1. fenestrae are small, circular openings of uniform shape which cover nearly the entire external surface of the pterotic 2. fenestrae are irregular in both size and shape 3. fenestrae are greatly expanded in size, yet remain as uniform circular perforations
fenestrae are small, circular openings of uniform shape which cover nearly the entire external surface of the pterotic
Hypoptopoma joberti
coded as Hypoptopoma
204339
205878
39759
134438
139620
128956
130040
144008
42789
59593
fenestrae are irregular in both size and shape
fenestrae are greatly expanded in size, yet remain as uniform circular perforations
Corydoras barbatus
279632
Hypoptopoma steindachneri
coded as Hypoptopoma
33271
36221
33272
The anterolateral margin of the prootic
The anterolateral margin of the prootic: 1. portion of the bone forming the outer rim of this fenestra is complete 2. incomplete
portion of the bone forming the outer rim of this fenestra is complete
incomplete
Hypoptopoma thoracatum
coded as Hypoptopoma
13666
134007
138868
152860
Swimbladder capsule
Swimbladder capsule: 1. capsule is relatively small and its posterior margin does not extend to the joint 2. capsule is enlarged and its posterior margin extends to the joint 3. capsule is also expanded and its posterior margin extends well past the joint between the Weberian complex and sixth centra
capsule is relatively small and its posterior margin does not extend to the joint
Microlepidogaster sp.
coded as Microlepidogaster
64762
10966
64763
64764
59641
300909
9338
95574
95549
95550
82713
95573
47769
9701
59640
285894
capsule is enlarged and its posterior margin extends to the joint
capsule is also expanded and its posterior margin extends well past the joint between the Weberian complex and sixth centra
Microlepidogaster laevior
coded as Microlepidogaster
143298
Supraoccipital bone
Supraoccipital bone: 1. supraoccipital bone does not contribute to the dorsal portion of the swimbladder capsule 2. supraoccipital forms part of the dorsal wall of the capsule
supraoccipital bone does not contribute to the dorsal portion of the swimbladder capsule
supraoccipital forms part of the dorsal wall of the capsule
Microlepidogaster leucofrenatus
coded as Microlepidogaster
95558
Metapterygoid channel
Metapterygoid channel: 1. complete absence of the metapterygoid channel, the apparently plesiomorphic condition for the Loricariidae 2. channel is deeper, its depth about 50% of its length 3. channel is shallow, its depth much less than 50% of its length
complete absence of the metapterygoid channel, the apparently plesiomorphic condition for the Loricariidae
Microlepidogaster nigricans
coded as Microlepidogaster
59598
channel is deeper, its depth about 50% of its length
channel is shallow, its depth much less than 50% of its length
Microlepidogaster perforatus
coded as Microlepidogaster
52133
Metapterygoid
Metapterygoid: 1. contact is simple, involving either the entire metapterygoid dorsal margin or the posterodorsal corner only 2. presence of a concave facet on the posterodorsal margin of the metapterygoid which articulates with a ridge or process of the lateral ethmoid
contact is simple, involving either the entire metapterygoid dorsal margin or the posterodorsal corner only
presence of a concave facet on the posterodorsal margin of the metapterygoid which articulates with a ridge or process of the lateral ethmoid
Microlepidogaster taimensis
coded as Microlepidogaster
10986
50598
Levator crest
Levator crest: 1. levator muscle is extremely reduced in size and the levator crest is present 2. absent
levator muscle is extremely reduced in size and the levator crest is present
Neoplecostomus sp.
coded as Neoplecostomus
300906
12199
absent
Hyomandibular-metapterygoid suture
Hyomandibular-metapterygoid suture: 1. portions of the hyomandibula and metapterygoid make contact or at least closely approximate one another dorsal to the suture between these bones 2. suture is restricted and not elongate; the bones do not closely approximate one another dorsal to the suture
portions of the hyomandibula and metapterygoid make contact or at least closely approximate one another dorsal to the suture between these bones
Neoplecostomus microps
coded as Neoplecostomus
7871
suture is restricted and not elongate; the bones do not closely approximate one another dorsal to the suture
Corydoras habrosus
220356
New genus
198492
74453
Hyomandibula
Hyomandibula: 1. hyomandibula is relatively flat, with the laminar portion of the bone anterior to the hyomandibula adductor crest lying in a single plane 2. hyomandibula, where the bone is folded such that the portion anterior to the adductor crest lies in two planes
hyomandibula is relatively flat, with the laminar portion of the bone anterior to the hyomandibula adductor crest lying in a single plane
hyomandibula, where the bone is folded such that the portion anterior to the adductor crest lies in two planes
Otocinclus sp.
206204
56715
134766
124101
124125
133899
249824
206212
15494
53143
124077
56756
134371
10835
56721
56724
1800
206924
133894
51879
10003
56722
260104
Crest on the hyomandibula
Crest on the hyomandibula: 1. elongate adductor crest extending from the posterior corner of the preopercle to the dorsal articular condyle of the hyomandibula 2. crest is but a low ridge, or elevation 3. crest is robust but short, extending less than one third of the distance between the opercular and dorsal condyles of the hyomandibula
elongate adductor crest extending from the posterior corner of the preopercle to the dorsal articular condyle of the hyomandibula
crest is but a low ridge, or elevation
Otocinclus affinis
7767
7765
crest is robust but short, extending less than one third of the distance between the opercular and dorsal condyles of the hyomandibula
Otocinclus canaliferus
84381
Plates between the opercle and the canal-bearing plate at the ventrolateral margin of the cheek
Plates between the opercle and the canal-bearing plate at the ventrolateral margin of the cheek: 1. one or more plates between the opercle and the canal-bearing plate at the ventrolateral margin of the cheek 2. absence of plates between those two elements
one or more plates between the opercle and the canal-bearing plate at the ventrolateral margin of the cheek
absence of plates between those two elements
Otocinclus flexilis
9724
59632
Preopercle
Preopercle: 1. not reflected medially 2. ventral margin of the preopercle is reflected medially to form a laminar shelf medial to the canalbearing cheek plate
not reflected medially
Otocinclus maculicauda
36946
ventral margin of the preopercle is reflected medially to form a laminar shelf medial to the canalbearing cheek plate
Preopercle
Preopercle: 1. not reduced; its posterior ramus contacting the hyomandibula adductor crest 2. anteroventral margin of the hyomandibula overlaps the posterior portion of the preopercle 3. preopercle is further reduced in Oxyropsis (Fig. 4C), where the overlap between the hyomandibula and preopercle bones is greatly reduced or absent
not reduced; its posterior ramus contacting the hyomandibula adductor crest
Otocinclus maculipinnis
206580
206297
206377
205968
206044
206074
205816
206671
206857
205784
206880
anteroventral margin of the hyomandibula overlaps the posterior portion of the preopercle
preopercle is further reduced in Oxyropsis (Fig. 4C), where the overlap between the hyomandibula and preopercle bones is greatly reduced or absent
Otocinclus mariae
181393
181395
A canal in the preopercle
A canal in the preopercle: 1. a canal in the preopercle is present 2. preopercle does not bear a canal 3. canal in the preopercle branches from the canal in the fifth infraorbital
a canal in the preopercle is present
preopercle does not bear a canal
Otocinclus nigricauda
177537
206924
canal in the preopercle branches from the canal in the fifth infraorbital
The tooth plate
The tooth plate: 1. upper pharyngeal tooth plate is a relatively large, flat, wedge-shaped bone; considerably larger than the fourth pharyngobranchial which partially supports it 2. upper pharyngeal tooth plate is reduced in size, compact and rounded, and not much larger than the fourth pharyngobranchial
Otocinclus notatus
7178
56717
upper pharyngeal tooth plate is a relatively large, flat, wedge-shaped bone; considerably larger than the fourth pharyngobranchial which partially supports it
Corydoras paleatus
301097
Otocinclus paulinus
59627
upper pharyngeal tooth plate is reduced in size, compact and rounded, and not much larger than the fourth pharyngobranchial
Otocinclus textilis
50599
The dentition on the upper pharyngeal tooth plate
The dentition on the upper pharyngeal tooth plate: 1. dentition on the upper pharyngeal tooth plate is robust; individual tooth size is large 2. dentition is weak; teeth are small and restricted to the margin of the bone
dentition on the upper pharyngeal tooth plate is robust; individual tooth size is large
dentition is weak; teeth are small and restricted to the margin of the bone
Otocinclus vestitus
8283
34252
263867
8284
53740
Flange of bone on the first epibranchial
Flange of bone on the first epibranchial: 1. flange is not present 2. elongate accessory flange of bone on the first epibranchial
flange is not present
Otocinclus vittatus
71332
50705
39815
39746
elongate accessory flange of bone on the first epibranchial
Ridge on the ventral surface of the anterohyal
Ridge on the ventral surface of the anterohyal: 1. ridge is absent 2. presence of a ridge on the ventral surface of the anterohyal
ridge is absent
Otothyris sp.
coded as Otothyris
300903
10989
presence of a ridge on the ventral surface of the anterohyal
Otothyris cephalacanthus
coded as Otothyris
59625
Anterior margin of the anterohyal
Anterior margin of the anterohyal: 1. anterohyals are not expanded 2. anterior margin of the anterohyal is greatly expanded
anterohyals are not expanded
anterior margin of the anterohyal is greatly expanded
Otothyris lophophanes
coded as Otothyris
47770
300902
Number of bifid hemal spines
Number of bifid hemal spines: 1. three or more bifid hemal spines on the abdominal vertebrae posterior to the first anal-fin proximal radial 2. bifid hemal spines is reduced to one 3. two bifid hemal spines
three or more bifid hemal spines on the abdominal vertebrae posterior to the first anal-fin proximal radial
bifid hemal spines is reduced to one
Oxyropsis sp.
coded as Oxyropsis
164280
162354
59695
205171
two bifid hemal spines
Oxyropsis carinatum
coded as Oxyropsis
138871
39861
69962
39788
Distal portions of the spines
Distal portions of the spines: 1. distal portions of the anterior and posterior margins of successive spines closely approximate with one another 2. in species of the <i>Otocinclus vestitus</i> group, the distal portions of the spines are constricted and widely separate from one another in the portion of the spines dorsal to the interdigitation between successive spines
distal portions of the anterior and posterior margins of successive spines closely approximate with one another
Parotocinclus sp.
coded as Parotocinclus
160731
160700
160645
203405
160657
56714
56720
in species of the <i>Otocinclus vestitus</i> group, the distal portions of the spines are constricted and widely separate from one another in the portion of the spines dorsal to the interdigitation between successive spines
Dianema longibarbis
284636
Parotocinclus collinsae
coded as Parotocinclus
55434
Interdigitation between successive neural and hemal spines
Interdigitation between successive neural and hemal spines: 1. interdigitation between successive neural and hemal spines is typically extensive, occupying one-half or more of the distance between the vertebral centrum and the distal margin of the bone 2. distal portions of the spines are constricted and widely separate from one another in the portion of the spines dorsal to the interdigitation between successive spines
interdigitation between successive neural and hemal spines is typically extensive, occupying one-half or more of the distance between the vertebral centrum and the distal margin of the bone
distal portions of the spines are constricted and widely separate from one another in the portion of the spines dorsal to the interdigitation between successive spines
Parotocinclus jimi
coded as Parotocinclus
96047
Neural arch
Neural arch: 1. neural arch of the seventh centrum is simple dorsally, not expanded anterior to the first dorsal-fin proximal radial 2. neural arch of the seventh centrum is expanded dorsally 3. this character does not apply in <i>Acestridium</i>, where the seventh centrum does not articulate with the dorsal fin supports and hence lacks a homologous dorsal arch
neural arch of the seventh centrum is simple dorsally, not expanded anterior to the first dorsal-fin proximal radial
neural arch of the seventh centrum is expanded dorsally
Parotocinclus maculicauda
coded as Parotocinclus
7180
10990
this character does not apply in <i>Acestridium</i>, where the seventh centrum does not articulate with the dorsal fin supports and hence lacks a homologous dorsal arch
Anterior margin of the neural spine on the seventh centrum
Anterior margin of the neural spine on the seventh centrum: 1. lack anterior processes 2. this character does not apply in <i>Acestridium</i>, where the seventh centrum does not articulate with the dorsal fin supports and hence lacks a homologous dorsal arch 3. anterior margin bears a pair of anterodorsal processes
lack anterior processes
Parotocinclus polyochrus
coded as Parotocinclus
161495
this character does not apply in <i>Acestridium</i>, where the seventh centrum does not articulate with the dorsal fin supports and hence lacks a homologous dorsal arch
anterior margin bears a pair of anterodorsal processes
Lateral shelves
Lateral shelves: 1. shelves are absent 2. bifid neural spines lateral to the dorsal fin radials bear prominent lateral shelves
Parotocinclus spilosoma
coded as Parotocinclus
197334
shelves are absent
bifid neural spines lateral to the dorsal fin radials bear prominent lateral shelves
Pseudotocinclus tietensis
coded as Pseudotocinclus
301098
300901
165090
Posterior notch
Posterior notch: 1. posterior notch which demarcates hypurals 1 and 2 from 3-5 is elongate, extending anteriorly to approach the hypurapophyses of the ural centrum 2. notch is not elongate
posterior notch which demarcates hypurals 1 and 2 from 3-5 is elongate, extending anteriorly to approach the hypurapophyses of the ural centrum
notch is not elongate
Pseudotothyris sp.
coded as Pseudotothyris
300905
300904
300911
Numbers of principal rays
Numbers of principal rays: 1. 14 branched plus two unbranched principal rays 2. <i>Acestridium</i> (10) 3. numbers of principal rays are also reduced in Otothyris (12)
14 branched plus two unbranched principal rays
<i>Acestridium</i> (10)
Pseudotothyris obtusa
coded as Pseudotothyris
10713
12556
10706
numbers of principal rays are also reduced in Otothyris (12)
Dorsal-fin spine locking mechanism
Dorsal-fin spine locking mechanism: 1. first dorsal-fin spine is present, but restricted in size and shape to a small elliptical bone 2. spine lock is not functional 3. first dorsal-fin spinelet is large and bifid anteriorly 4. this character appears in characters 31 and 32
Schizolecis guntheri
coded as Schizolecis
12242
49240
10991
10704
12198
300908
12183
292034
first dorsal-fin spine is present, but restricted in size and shape to a small elliptical bone
spine lock is not functional
Hypostominae Ancistrinae Loricariinae L A H
This is a composite taxon and could not expand this from the taxon list because of the taxa not assigned to a genus, none seem to fit into this category
first dorsal-fin spinelet is large and bifid anteriorly
this character appears in characters 31 and 32
Transverse processes
Transverse processes: 1. transverse processes of the remaining proximal radials are slender 2. transverse processes are expanded distally
transverse processes of the remaining proximal radials are slender
Hoplosternum thoracatum
41945-1
Anterior mesethmoid margin
Anterior mesethmoid margin: 1. anterior tip of the mesethmoid is simple, with either a straight, or an arrow-shaped margin 2. anterior mesethmoid margin is bifurcate
transverse processes are expanded distally
Anterior processes
Anterior processes: 1. lack the anterior processes 2. supraneural bone is elongate and bears a pair of anterior processes
anterior tip of the mesethmoid is simple, with either a straight, or an arrow-shaped margin
lack the anterior processes
supraneural bone is elongate and bears a pair of anterior processes
The pectoral-fin spines
The pectoral-fin spines: 1. absence of serrations on the pectoral-fin spine 2. medial serrations present
absence of serrations on the pectoral-fin spine
medial serrations present
Bones of the pectoral skeleton
Bones of the pectoral skeleton: 1. bones of the pectoral skeleton (cleithrum, coracoid) are entirely covered ventrally by skin and in most species also by plates 2. odontodes are supported directly by the bones of the pectoral skeleton
bones of the pectoral skeleton (cleithrum, coracoid) are entirely covered ventrally by skin and in most species also by plates
odontodes are supported directly by the bones of the pectoral skeleton
Arrector ventralis muscles
Arrector ventralis muscles: 1. arrector fossae of the cleithra are open and the arrector ventralis muscles are entirely exposed 2. lack the open arrector fossae; the coracoid ventral lamina completely encloses the arrector ventralis muscles 3. expanded coracoid ventral lamina does not completely enclose the arrector fossae, which are open medially with the fibres of the arrector muscles remaining entirely within the fossae
arrector fossae of the cleithra are open and the arrector ventralis muscles are entirely exposed
lack the open arrector fossae; the coracoid ventral lamina completely encloses the arrector ventralis muscles
expanded coracoid ventral lamina does not completely enclose the arrector fossae, which are open medially with the fibres of the arrector muscles remaining entirely within the fossae
Pectoral spine and fin rays
Pectoral spine and fin rays: 1. pectoral spine and fin rays bear large posteroventral processes onto which insert the arrector muscles 2. posteroventral processes are not expanded
pectoral spine and fin rays bear large posteroventral processes onto which insert the arrector muscles
posteroventral processes are not expanded
Basipterygium
Basipterygium: 1. presence of paired fenestrae posterior to the anterior basipterygium margin 2. basipterygium is a solid ossification anteriorly and lacks fenestrae
presence of paired fenestrae posterior to the anterior basipterygium margin
Scoloplax empousa
37489
basipterygium is a solid ossification anteriorly and lacks fenestrae
Mesethmoid
Mesethmoid: 1. mesethmoid is not exposed dorsally 2. dorsal surface of the mesethmoid is at least partly exposed, not covered by the dermal plates of the snout region
mesethmoid is not exposed dorsally
anterior mesethmoid margin is bifurcate
dorsal surface of the mesethmoid is at least partly exposed, not covered by the dermal plates of the snout region
Lateral line
Lateral line: 1. complete lateral line which extends from the pteroticsupracleithrum posteriorly to the last lateral plate on the caudal fin base 2. lateral line is discontinuous, subdivided into two subseries which are separated by five or more plates lacking lateral line canals 3. lateral line terminates 2-4 plates anterior to the last lateral plate
complete lateral line which extends from the pteroticsupracleithrum posteriorly to the last lateral plate on the caudal fin base
lateral line is discontinuous, subdivided into two subseries which are separated by five or more plates lacking lateral line canals
lateral line terminates 2-4 plates anterior to the last lateral plate
Area of the snout anterior to the nostril
Area of the snout anterior to the nostril: 1. area of the snout anterior to the nostril is plated, largely or entirely enclosed by contact between the nasal bone and a lateral cheek plate 2. area anterior to the nostril is naked or unplated; the nasal bone does not contact a lateral cheek plate in this region
area of the snout anterior to the nostril is plated, largely or entirely enclosed by contact between the nasal bone and a lateral cheek plate
area anterior to the nostril is naked or unplated; the nasal bone does not contact a lateral cheek plate in this region
Odontodes on the posterodorsal portion of the cranium
Odontodes on the posterodorsal portion of the cranium: 1. odontodes on the posterodorsal portion of the cranium (supraoccipital, compound pterotics) are not arranged in conspicuous rows 2. odontodes of this portion of the head are arranged in several discrete longitudinal rows
odontodes on the posterodorsal portion of the cranium (supraoccipital, compound pterotics) are not arranged in conspicuous rows
odontodes of this portion of the head are arranged in several discrete longitudinal rows
Way of the infraorbital canal enters the infraorbital series
Way of the infraorbital canal enters the infraorbital series: 1. infraorbital canal enters the infraorbital series via the sphenotic 2. infraorbital canal enters the infraorbital series via the pterotic-supracleithrum
infraorbital canal enters the infraorbital series via the sphenotic
infraorbital canal enters the infraorbital series via the pterotic-supracleithrum
Infraorbital bones
Infraorbital bones: 1. last two infraorbital bones are roughly equivalent in size and shape 2. fourth infraorbital is greatly expanded ventrally
Mesethmoid disk
Mesethmoid disk: 1. ventral disk occupies a terminal position on the mesethmoid relative to the length of the bone 2. mesethmoid disk is non-terminal and well separate from the anterior margin of the bone
last two infraorbital bones are roughly equivalent in size and shape
fourth infraorbital is greatly expanded ventrally
ventral disk occupies a terminal position on the mesethmoid relative to the length of the bone
Canal-bearing cheek plate
Canal-bearing cheek plate: 1. canal-bearing cheek plate receives its canal from the preopercle 2. canal plate receives its canal from the fifth infraorbital bone 3. preopercular canal is absent and the canal in the canal-bearing plate is discontinuous with the remainder of the laterosensory system 4. there is no canal in the corresponding cheek plate
canal-bearing cheek plate receives its canal from the preopercle
canal plate receives its canal from the fifth infraorbital bone
Scoloplax distolothrix
300625
preopercular canal is absent and the canal in the canal-bearing plate is discontinuous with the remainder of the laterosensory system
there is no canal in the corresponding cheek plate
Anterior margin of the snout
Anterior margin of the snout: 1. anterior margin of the snout is composed of numerous, small separate platelets 2. snout plates are large and fewer in number 3. anterior snout tip is without plates, the remainder of the snout composed of small separate platelets
anterior margin of the snout is composed of numerous, small separate platelets
snout plates are large and fewer in number
anterior snout tip is without plates, the remainder of the snout composed of small separate platelets
mesethmoid disk is non-terminal and well separate from the anterior margin of the bone
Third canal-bearing lateral plate
Third canal-bearing lateral plate: 1. third canal-bearing lateral body plate is large, nearly completely covering the expanded distal tip of the rib on the sixth centrum 2. third canal-bearing lateral plate is reduced in size, positioned posterior to the rib on the sixth centrum, and not covering the distal tip of the rib
third canal-bearing lateral body plate is large, nearly completely covering the expanded distal tip of the rib on the sixth centrum
third canal-bearing lateral plate is reduced in size, positioned posterior to the rib on the sixth centrum, and not covering the distal tip of the rib
Ventrolateral margins of the cheek
Ventrolateral margins of the cheek: 1. ventrolateral margins of the cheek form a straight border with the fleshy, flat ventral surface of the head 2. plates forming the snout tip are correspondingly reflected to abutt against the anterior tip of the mesethmoid
ventrolateral margins of the cheek form a straight border with the fleshy, flat ventral surface of the head
plates forming the snout tip are correspondingly reflected to abutt against the anterior tip of the mesethmoid
Shape of the trunk and caudal peduncle
Shape of the trunk and caudal peduncle: 1. shape of the trunk and caudal peduncle are round to nearly round in cross section 2. trunk from the posterior base of the dorsal fin to the caudal fin is distinctly rectangular, the caudal peduncle nearly square in cross section
shape of the trunk and caudal peduncle are round to nearly round in cross section
trunk from the posterior base of the dorsal fin to the caudal fin is distinctly rectangular, the caudal peduncle nearly square in cross section
Neural arches of the vertebra
Neural arches of the vertebra: 1. neural arches of the vertebra anterior to the dorsal-fin supports do not contact the dermal plates between the supraoccipital and first dorsal-fin proximal radial 2. dermal plates anterior to the first dorsal-fin proximal radial are expanded and bear large ventromedial keels which contact the dorsal margins of the neural arches of vertebrae six through twelve
neural arches of the vertebra anterior to the dorsal-fin supports do not contact the dermal plates between the supraoccipital and first dorsal-fin proximal radial
The ventral surface of the anterior tip of the mesethmoid
The ventral surface of the anterior tip of the mesethmoid: 1. the mesethmoid lacks ventral uncinate process 2. ventral surface of the anterior tip of the mesethmoid bears a small, uncinate process
dermal plates anterior to the first dorsal-fin proximal radial are expanded and bear large ventromedial keels which contact the dorsal margins of the neural arches of vertebrae six through twelve
Scoloplax dicra
300621
the mesethmoid lacks ventral uncinate process
ventral surface of the anterior tip of the mesethmoid bears a small, uncinate process