absolute_path_image
amphibian_anatomy
defined
amphibian_anatomy
definition
amphibian_anatomy
differentiates_from
amphibian_anatomy
discussed
amphibian_anatomy
gives_rise_to
amphibian_anatomy
has
amphibian_anatomy
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amphibian_anatomy
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amphibian_anatomy
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amphibian_anatomy
image_contains
amphibian_anatomy
innervated
amphibian_anatomy
innervates
amphibian_anatomy
instance_of
amphibian_anatomy
intersection_of
amphibian_anatomy
is_a_branch_of
amphibian_anatomy
is_absent_in
amphibian_anatomy
is_connected_to
amphibian_anatomy
is_contained_in_image
amphibian_anatomy
is_dbxref_of
amphibian_anatomy
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amphibian_anatomy
is_discussed_by
amphibian_anatomy
is_formed_by
amphibian_anatomy
is_innervated_by
amphibian_anatomy
is_medial_to
amphibian_anatomy
is_present_in
amphibian_anatomy
is_synonym_of
amphibian_anatomy
lacks
amphibian_anatomy
part_of_proxy
amphibian_anatomy
secreted_by
amphibian_anatomy
secretes
amphibian_anatomy
adipose tissue
amphibian_anatomy
Tissue that contains adipocytes, used for cushioning, thermal insulation, lubrication (primarily in the pericardium) and energy storage.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
XAO:0003049
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003049
alary cartilage
amphibian_anatomy
second upper labial
processus alaris
naseflngelknorpel
copula anterior
Paired, cup-shaped cartilage that are dorsal to the septomaxillae and anterior to the oblique cartilage. The anterior, convex face of each alary cartilage is synchondrotically fused to the superior prenasal cartilage and the ventral edge is fused to the superior margin of the crista intermedia.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
alinasal cartilage
cartilago alaris
cartilago alaris nasi
cartilago cupullaris
alary process of premaxilla
amphibian_anatomy
pars facialis of premaxilla
pars dorsalis of premaxilla
dorsal process of premaxilla
processus ascendens of premaxilla
premaxillary spine
processus nasalis of premaxilla
processus frontalis of premaxilla
pars frontalis of premaxilla
pars prenasalis of premaxilla
Dorsal process that extends toward the nasal bone. The posterior (inner) face of each alary process is concave and is invested dorsomedially by the superior prenasal cartilage and ventromedially by the inferior prenasal cartilage.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
alveolar foramen
amphibian_anatomy
Foramen for the R. alveolaris of Nerve VII and the alveolar artery.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
inferior dental foramen
anatomical system
amphibian_anatomy
Anatomical group that is has as its parts distinct anatomical structures interconnected by anatomical structures at a lower level of granularity.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
CARO:0000011
http://purl.org/obo/owl/CARO#CARO_0000011
angular
amphibian_anatomy
praearticulare
postoperculare
angulosplenial coronoid process
amphibian_anatomy
Point of insertion of the adductor mandibulae musculature.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
anterior maxillary process
amphibian_anatomy
Process that extends anteriorly from the planum triangulare and invests the medial face of the pars facialis of the maxilla.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
anterior nasal wall
amphibian_anatomy
solum anterius
prenasal wall
Paired, vertical, and relatively straight plates that form the anterior limit of the nasal capsule.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
anterior process of pars palatina of maxilla
amphibian_anatomy
anterior ramus of pterygoid
amphibian_anatomy
ramus maxillaris of pterygoid
In a triradiate pterygoid, the process that extends anteriorly towards the maxilla.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
anterolateral process of frontoparietal
amphibian_anatomy
antorbital process
amphibian_anatomy
apertura nasalis externa
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003033
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003033
external naris
external nostril
nostril
Hole on the nasal capsule that connects the nasal cavity with the exterior.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
apertura nasalis interna
amphibian_anatomy
Hole on the nasal capsule that connects the nasal and buccal cavites.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
choana
internal naris
internal nostril
areolar connective tissue
amphibian_anatomy
Also known as loose connective tissue. A pliable, mesh-like tissue with a fluid matrix that functions to cushion and protect body organs.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
articular
amphibian_anatomy
goniale
operculo angulaire
angulare
dermarticulare
Endochondral ossification of the posterior articular part of Meckel's cartilage.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
angulaire
ascending process of palatoquadrate
amphibian_anatomy
schlafenflugelknorpel
processus ascendens of palatoquadrate
pedicle
pediculus
apophyse ascendens
cartilage craniofacial
oberste abteilung des zweiten visceralbogens
auditory muscles
amphibian_anatomy
autonomic nervous system
amphibian_anatomy
Part of the peripheral nervous system which regulates involuntary functions of the body and consists of the sympathetic and parasympathetic system.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
postcranial axial skeleton
amphibian_anatomy
The axial skeleton is formed by the vertebral column, a metameric, semi-flexible, arched bar located in the dorsal part of the trunk, and is formed by a series of cartilaginous or bony vertebrae. It provides suspension for the appendicular skeleton and protection for the spinal nerve cord.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
spinal column
vertebral column
axial skeleton
XAO:0003073
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003073
basal process of palatoquadrate
amphibian_anatomy
Process that extends medially from the ventromedial corner of the palatoquadrate cartilage and articulates or fuses to the anterior wall of the otic capsule via the basitrabecular process.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
processus basalis
basicranial fenestra
amphibian_anatomy
Ventral opening of the neurocranium.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
basimandibulare
amphibian_anatomy
basioccipital
amphibian_anatomy
An unpaired medial bone contributing to the ventral margin of the foramen magnum that extends into the floor of the brain cavity. It can contribute to the centromedial portion of the occipital condyle.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
basisphenoid
amphibian_anatomy
Endochondral ossification of the ventromedial portion of the braincase.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
Bidder's organ
amphibian_anatomy
Anatomical structure which forms from an enlargement of the anterior portion of each gonad in all male bufonid larvae and consists of ovarian tissues.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
blastodisc
amphibian_anatomy
blastomere
amphibian_anatomy
AAO:0010282
Undifferentiated cell that is produced by early cleavages of the fertilized egg (zygote).
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
XAO:0003016
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003016
blastopore
amphibian_anatomy
A slit-like invagination on the dorsal side of the blastula surface of the embryo where the mesoderm and endoderm move inside the embryo at gatrulation.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
XAO:0000208
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000208
blood
amphibian_anatomy
Highly specialized circulating tissue consisting of several types of cells suspended in a fluid medium known as plasma.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
XAO:0000124
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000124
bone
AAO:0010767
amphibian_anatomy
Also called osseous tissue, (Latin: os). Is a type of hard endoskeletal connective tissue found in many vertebrate animals. Bone is the main tissue of body organs that support body structures, protect internal organs, (in conjunction with muscles) facilitate movement; and are involved with cell formation, calcium metabolism, and mineral storage.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
XAO:0000169
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000169
braincase and auditory apparatus
amphibian_anatomy
The part of the skull that encloses the brain and surrounds the inner ear.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
braincase and otic capsule opening
amphibian_anatomy
braincase and otic capsule skeleton
amphibian_anatomy
canalis semircularis anterior
amphibian_anatomy
canalis semircularis posterior
amphibian_anatomy
capsular process
amphibian_anatomy
Narrow process of the skeletal support that projects forward.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
cartilage
AAO:0010766
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000170
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000170
A type of dense connective tissue. It is composed of cells called chondrocytes which are dispersed in a firm gel-like ground substance, called the matrix. Cartilage is avascular (contains no blood vessels) and nutrients are diffused through the matrix. Cartilage is found in the joints, the rib cage, the ear, the nose, in the throat and between intervertebral disks. It makes up virtually the entire skeleton in chondrichthyes.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
cartilage bridge
amphibian_anatomy
forelimb opening
amphibian_anatomy
cartilago ectochoanalis
amphibian_anatomy
Lateral cartilaginous border of the fenestra endochoanalis.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
cartilago infranarina
amphibian_anatomy
cartilago orbitalis
amphibian_anatomy
dorsale randspange
cartilago prootico-occipitalis
amphibian_anatomy
cartilago retronarina
amphibian_anatomy
caudal-sacral region
amphibian_anatomy
Region of the vertebral column posterior to the sacrum consisting of two to four vertebrae. The last of these vertebrae is distinguished by the possession of a well-developed haemal arch; it supports the posterior part of the cloaca and marks the posterior limit of the trunk.
AAO:Duellman_and_Treub_1994
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Duellman_and_Treub_1994
caudal muscles
amphibian_anatomy
caudal region
amphibian_anatomy
Region of the vertebral column posterior to the caudal-sacral region, that may consists of two or three to more than 100 vertebrae. These vertebrae exhibit a gradual reduction in the sizes of their transverse processes and zygapophyses, but these structures are never entirely absent. All caudal vertebrae bear haemal arches.
AAO:Duellman_and_Trueb_1994
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Duellman_and_Trueb_1994
XAO:0003079
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003079
postsacral region
tail region
cavum inferius
amphibian_anatomy
Accessory cavity located ventral to the cavum principale and cavum medius.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
cavum internasale
amphibian_anatomy
cavum medius
amphibian_anatomy
Small accessory cavity located between the cavum principale and cavum inferius.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
cavum praenasale
amphibian_anatomy
cavum principale
amphibian_anatomy
Largest and most dorsal of the nasal cavities.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
central nervous system
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000215
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000215
Part of the nervous system which includes the brain and spinal cord.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
cervical muscles
amphibian_anatomy
cervical region
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003076
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003076
Anterior region of the vertebral column consisting of one to 19 or 20 vertebrae.
AAO:Duellman_and_Trueb_1994
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Duellman_and_Trueb_1994
choana
AAO:0000990
amphibian_anatomy
Opening between the nasal cavity and the nasopharynx.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
XAO:0000277
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000277
cloaca
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000244
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000244
Anatomical structure which is the common receptacle for the alimentary canal, Wolffian ducts, oviducts, and the bladder.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
connective tissue
amphibian_anatomy
One of the four types of tissue in traditional classifications. It is largely a category of exclusion rather than one with a precise definition, but there are certain characteristics shared by all or most tissues in this category, such as involvement in structure and support, derived from mesoderm, and characterized largely by the traits of non-living tissue.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
connective tissue proper
amphibian_anatomy
hyale
amphibian_anatomy
coronoid
amphibian_anatomy
coronoid teeth
amphibian_anatomy
cranial muscles
amphibian_anatomy
cranial nerve
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003089
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003089
cranium
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003075
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003075
Bony structure that encases the central nervous system and the primary sense organs of sight, olfaction, hearing, and equilibrium.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
crista contacta
amphibian_anatomy
Thin, horizontal ridge that extends medially from the corpus of the septomaxilla; it lays on the lamina inferior.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
crista dentalis of maxilla
amphibian_anatomy
crista dentalis of premaxilla
amphibian_anatomy
dental ridge of premaxilla
crista intermedia
amphibian_anatomy
Paired, oblique plates of cartilage located ventral to the alary cartilages. The dorsomedial margin of each crista intermedia is fused to the transitional zone between the septum nasi and the tectum nasi, whereas the ventrolateral margin bears two laminae, the lamina superior and the lamina inferior.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
crista lateralis of premaxilla
amphibian_anatomy
crista parotica
amphibian_anatomy
processus squamosus
tegmen tympani
processus muscularis capsulae auditivae
crista subnasalis
amphibian_anatomy
subnasal crest
Ventral crest of the paries nasi.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
crista supraorbitalis
amphibian_anatomy
Short and blunt process that extends posteriorly from the posteromedial margin of the postnasal wall, on the anterodorsal corner of the orbit above the medial orbitonasal foramen.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
cutaneous muscles
amphibian_anatomy
dense connective tissue
amphibian_anatomy
Also known as fibrous connective tissue. Forms ligaments and tendons and is characterized by densely packed collagen fibers that have great tensile strength.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
dentary
amphibian_anatomy
Ossified element of intramembranous origin that invests the lateral margin of Meckel's cartilage thereby forming the lateral side of the mandible in anurans and salamanders (Duellman & Trueb, 1994:293). In caecilians, the dentary is part of a compound bone termed the pseudodentary.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
dentale
os dentale
sur-angulaire
dentary teeth
amphibian_anatomy
dentition
amphibian_anatomy
Dentition refers to set of teeth, especially with regard to their number, kind, and arrangement, in the mouth.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
dermis
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000217
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000217
digestive system
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000125
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000125
An anatomical system consisting of the alimentary canal and digestive glands responsible for intake, absorption, digestion and excretion of food.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
associated organs
amphibian_anatomy
dilatatio alaris
amphibian_anatomy
ventral flange of anterior ramus of pterygoid
Flange that extends ventrally from about the middle portion of the margo mandibularis.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
dorsal plate
amphibian_anatomy
ductus endolymphaticus
amphibian_anatomy
ductus perilymphaticus
amphibian_anatomy
ectoderm
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000001
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000001
Primary germ layer that is the outer of the embryonic germ layers and gives rise to epidermis and neural tissue.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
embryonic structure
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003042
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003042
Anatomical structure that is part of the embryo and is comprised of portions of tissue or cells.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
endoderm
amphibian_anatomy
Primary germ layer that lies remote from the surface of the embryo and gives rise to internal tissues such as gut.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
XAO:0000090
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000090
endolymphatic system
amphibian_anatomy
epaxial muscles
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003229
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003229
epidermis
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000028
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000028
The outer epithelial layer of the external integument of the body that is derived from the embryonic epiblast.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
esophagus
amphibian_anatomy
Anterior end of the alimentary canal lined with smooth muscle. Bounded anteriorly by a constriction in the pharynx. Bounded posteriorly by and increase in circular and/or longitudinal smooth muscle associated with the stomach.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
XAO:0000127
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000127
eustachian canal
amphibian_anatomy
Furrow on the ventral surface of the otic capsule, and occasionally also the parasphenoid, that houses the Eustachian tube.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
exoccipital
amphibian_anatomy
Endochondral bone that forms the posterior end of the neurocranium and the margin of the foramen magnum. In addition, this bone forms either part of or all or the occipital condyle.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
pleurooccipitale
opisthoticum
exoccipitale
occipitale laterale
extremitas anterior
amphibian_anatomy
anterior ramus
Large anterior outgrowth of the septomaxilla that is directed into the space between the alary cartilage and the lamina inferior.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
eye muscles
amphibian_anatomy
fat body
amphibian_anatomy
AAO:0010429
XAO:0003050
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003050
Anatomical structure associated with the gonads which vary in form among amphibians but are primarily composed of adipose tissue and are thought to be a source of nutrients for the gonads.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
fenestra dorsalis nasi
amphibian_anatomy
fenestra endochoanalis
amphibian_anatomy
fenestra exochoanalis
Opening on the ventral aspect of the nasal capsule. It contains the apertura nasalis interna.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
fenestra endonarina communis
amphibian_anatomy
apertura nasalis externa
fenestra narina
narial fenestra
Opening on the anterolateral aspect of the nasal capsule. It contains the apertura nasalis externa.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
fenestra lateralis nasi
amphibian_anatomy
fenestra infraconchalis
Opening on the lateral side of the nasal capsule.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
fenestra retronarina
fenestra nasobasalis
amphibian_anatomy
basal fenestra
fenestra basalis nasi
foramen apicale
foramen epiphaniale
nasobasal fenestra
Small opening at the anterior tip of the nasal capsule, on the floor of the cavum inferius. It is located medially to the base of the inferior prenasal cartilage and serves for the passage of the ramus medialis narium and arteria orbitonasalis.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
fenestra nasolateralis
amphibian_anatomy
Elongated opening located on the lateral side of the nasal capsule.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
fenestra ovalis
amphibian_anatomy
fenestra vestibuli
foramen ovale
fenestra precerebralis
amphibian_anatomy
fenestra prechoanalis
amphibian_anatomy
Large opening of the nasal floor anterior to the fenestra endochoanalis.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
flange of quadratojugal
amphibian_anatomy
footplate of pars media plectri
amphibian_anatomy
fenestral plate
otostapes
interstapediale
pseudooperculum
pars otica columellae
Independent, horizontal bar of cartilage located on the anterior part of the fenestra ovalis in front of the pars interna plectri.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
foramen acusticum
amphibian_anatomy
acoustic foramen
foramen acusticum anterius
amphibian_anatomy
foramen acusticum maius
amphibian_anatomy
foramen acusticum minus
amphibian_anatomy
foramen acusticum posterius
amphibian_anatomy
foramen endolymphaticum
amphibian_anatomy
endolymphatic foramen
foramen orbitonasale laterale
amphibian_anatomy
foramen orbitonasale mediale
amphibian_anatomy
canalis orbitonasalis medialis
foramen orbitonasale
canalis orbitonasalis
foramen perilymphaticum
amphibian_anatomy
foramen perilymphaticum accessorium
amphibian_anatomy
foramen perilymphaticum superius
amphibian_anatomy
foramen rotundum
superior perilymphatic formaen
foramen perilymphaticus inferius
amphibian_anatomy
foramen pro aquaeducto cochleae
inferior perilymphatic foramen
fore propodium
amphibian_anatomy
Segment of the forearm corresponding to the humerus.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
fore epipodium
amphibian_anatomy
antibrachium
Segment of the forearm corresponding to the radius and ulna.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
fore mesopodium
amphibian_anatomy
Segment of the forearm corresponding to the carpus. It consists of several elements that articulate with the radius and ulna at one end and the metacarpals at the other end.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
XAO:0003207
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003207
forelimb skeleton
amphibian_anatomy
Skeletal structure of the paired, anterior appendages.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
XAO:0003061
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003061
forelimb
amphibian_anatomy
Upper limb, which connects the manus with the pectoral girdle.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
XAO:0003030
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003030
frontal
amphibian_anatomy
frontoparietal
amphibian_anatomy
fronto-parietaux
os fronto-parietale
parietaux
A anuran dermal bone that usually is paired and roofs the braincase.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
parietofrontal
frontoparietal constriction
amphibian_anatomy
frontoparietal fontanelle
amphibian_anatomy
Dorsal opening of the neurocranium.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
germ ring
amphibian_anatomy
gland structure
amphibian_anatomy
gonad
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003146
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003146
Anatomical structure which produces gametes as well as certain sex hormones controlled by the pituitary gonadotropins.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
hind epipodium
amphibian_anatomy
Segment of the leg corresponding to the tibia and fibula.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
hind limb skeleton
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003062
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003062
Skeletal structure of the paired, posterior appendages.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
pelvic girdle and hind limb muscles
amphibian_anatomy
Muscles of the pelvic girdle, thigh, leg (crus), and foot (pes).
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
hind limb
amphibian_anatomy
Lower limb, which connects the pes with the pelvic girdle.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
XAO:0003031
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003031
hind mesopodium
amphibian_anatomy
Segment of the leg corresponding to the tarsus. It consists of several elements that articulate with the tibia and fibula at one end and the metatarsals at the other end.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
XAO:0003211
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003211
hind metapodium
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003212
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003212
Segment of the leg corresponding to the metatarsus, which articulates with the carpals at one end and with the phalanges at the other end.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
hyobranchial muscles
amphibian_anatomy
hyoid apparatus
amphibian_anatomy
Apparatus located in the floor of the mouth, under the mandibular arcade. The apparatus consists of a central corpus and four pairs of processes. This apparatus serves as the site of insertion for a variety of muscles associated with movements of the tongue and as the origin of the m. hyoglossus.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
hyolingual system
hyobranchial apparatus
hyolaryngeal complex
amphibian_anatomy
Complex formed by two units, the hyoid and laryngeal apparatuses, which are both derived from the larval hyobranchial skeleton.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
hypaxial muscles
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003228
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003228
inferior prenasal cartilage
amphibian_anatomy
inferior prenasal process
processus prenasalis inferior
processus prenasalis inferior lateralis
Elongate cartilage that extends anteroventrally from the solum nasi to abut the ventral portion of the posterior aspect of the alary process of the premaxilla. It was first discribed by Wiedersheim in 1876.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
infrarostral cartilage
amphibian_anatomy
mentomeckelian cartilage
Larval lower jaw lies anterior to Meckels cartilage.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
infralabial cartilage
inner ear
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000192
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000192
integument
amphibian_anatomy
Anatomical system that protects the body from damage, comprising the skin and its appendages.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
integumentary system
XAO:0000176
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000176
intestine
amphibian_anatomy
Portion of the alimentary canal bounded anteriorly by the pyloric sphincter and posteriorly by the cloacal sphincter.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
XAO:0000129
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000129
jaw muscles
amphibian_anatomy
jugular foramen
amphibian_anatomy
Large foramen that houses the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves and is located inside the condyloid fossa.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
kidney
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003267
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003267
One of either of a pair of structures lying on either side of the dorsal aorta in which fluid balance is regulated and waste is excreted out in the form of urine.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
lagena
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000197
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000197
lamella alaris
amphibian_anatomy
horizontal arm of squamosal
Dorsal plate of the squamosal.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
lamina anterior of pars facialis
amphibian_anatomy
lamina inferior
amphibian_anatomy
lamina inferior cristae intermediae
Lateral expansion of the crista intermedia that serves as the floor of the cavum medium.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
lamina nariochoanalis
amphibian_anatomy
Free, dorsal margin of the lamina inferior.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
lamina orbitonasalis
amphibian_anatomy
In the larva, structure that is fused to the wall of the braincase, lateral to the olfactory foramen, and separates the nasal capsule and orbit. In the adult frog it constitutes the ventral part of postnasal wall.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
lamina precerebralis
amphibian_anatomy
Posterior face of septum nasi.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
lamina superior
amphibian_anatomy
Lateral expansion of the crista intermedia that serves as the roof of the cavum medium.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
lamina superior cristae intermediae
larval structure
Obsolete term in XAO.
amphibian_anatomy
Anatomical structure that is part of the larva.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
laryngeal apparatus
amphibian_anatomy
Apparatus located between the lungs and the buccal cavity. This apparatus is composed of a pair of arytenoid cartilages that are supported by the cricoid ring.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
larynx
amphibian_anatomy
Anatomical structure consisting of a narrowly triangular chamber supported by a series of semicircular cartilages in which part of the sound-production system is located.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
XAO:0003081
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003081
lower jaw
amphibian_anatomy
Inferior mandibular arch located on the anterior and lateral sides of the skull.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
XAO:0003084
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003084
lower jaw opening
amphibian_anatomy
lower jaw skeleton
amphibian_anatomy
mandibular symphysis
amphibian_anatomy
margo mandibularis of pterygoid
amphibian_anatomy
Ventrally directed margin that connects the anterior and posterior rami of the pterygoid.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
margo orbitalis of maxilla
amphibian_anatomy
Dorsal margin of the maxilla between the frontal and zygomatico-maxillary processes.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
margo orbitalis of pterygoid
amphibian_anatomy
Margin that connects the anterior and medial rami of the pterygoid.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
margo orbitalis of squamosal
amphibian_anatomy
Anterior margin of the squamosal that takes part in the formation of the orbit.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
margo tympanicus of pterygoid
amphibian_anatomy
Margin that connects the posterior and medial rami of the pterygoid.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
maxilla
amphibian_anatomy
Paired, intramembranous bone located on the lateral sides of the skull, posterior to the premaxillae.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
maxillare
os maxillaire
os maxillare superior
os maxillo-jugaux
maxillary teeth
amphibian_anatomy
maxillopalatine
amphibian_anatomy
A compound bone consisting of maxilla and palatine, can also contain a prefrontal and/or lacrimal; present in adult Gymnophiona.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
Meckel's cartilage
amphibian_anatomy
Paired, rod-shaped elements that extend the length of the mandible and lie between the dentaries and the angulosplenials. Can be reduced to various extent in adults.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
XAO:0003085
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003085
medial inferior prenasal cartilage
amphibian_anatomy
medial orbitonasal foramen
amphibian_anatomy
Opening on the postnasal wall for the medial branch (= ramus medialis nasi) of the ophthalmicus nerve.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
medial ramus of pterygoid
amphibian_anatomy
In a triradiate pterygoid, the process that extends medially towards the otic capsule.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
ramus interior of pterygoid
median prenasal process
amphibian_anatomy
processus prenasalis medius
Anterior projection of the septum nasi that protrudes through the anterior nasal wall.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
median symphysis
amphibian_anatomy
mental foramen
amphibian_anatomy
mentomeckelian
amphibian_anatomy
dentale
Pars mentalis
Paired, cylindrical, and small bones of endochondral origin that lie anteromedial to the anterior end of Meckel's cartilage. The precursors of the mentomeckelian bones are the larval infrarostral cartilages.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
mesethmoid
amphibian_anatomy
Endochondral ossification of the anteromedial portion of the braincase.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
mesoderm
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000050
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000050
Primary germ layer that is the middle of the embryonic germ layers.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
muscle tissue
amphibian_anatomy
One of the four types of tissue in traditional classifications. Tissue that contains cells with contractile filaments that move past each other and change the size of the cell. Muscle tissue also is separated into three distinct categories.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
musculature system
amphibian_anatomy
narial muscles
amphibian_anatomy
naris
amphibian_anatomy
One of paired external openings of the nasal chamber.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
nasal
amphibian_anatomy
nasale
fronto-nasaux
supraethmoid
nasenstirnbein
fronto-nasale
Paired bone of intramembranous origin that roofs the olfactory capsule.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
frontaux anterieurs
nasal capsule
amphibian_anatomy
Structure that has both respiratory and olfactory functions and lies anterior to the braincase, in the foremost section of the cranium.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
nasal cavity
AAO:0000985
amphibian_anatomy
Saclike space internal to the nasal capsule lined by respiratory and sensory epithelium and glandular tissue.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
nasal opening
amphibian_anatomy
nasal skeleton
amphibian_anatomy
Structural framework that provides support to the nasal sacs and ducts.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
nasopremaxilla
amphibian_anatomy
A compound bone consisting of premaxilla, nasal and sometimes septomaxilla in adult members of Caeciliidae and Typhlonectidae.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
nervous system
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000177
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000177
Anatomical system consisting of nerve bodies and nerve fibers which regulate the response of the body to external and internal stimuli.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
nervous tissue
amphibian_anatomy
One of the four types of tissue in traditional classifications. Cells forming the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nervous system.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
notochord
amphibian_anatomy
Slender rod of fibrous connective tissue surrounding a core of fluid-filled cells of mesodermal origin; it lies above the gut and directly beneath the spinal cord. The notochord is present during early development and in a few cases it is retained through life; however, usually the notochord is replaced by the vertebral column.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
XAO:0000055
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000055
oblique cartilage
amphibian_anatomy
cartilago obliquo
cartilago obliqua nasi
cartilago obliqua
Semi-circular cartilaginous sheet that lies lateral to the side of the septum nasi.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
lamina obliqua
dorsal process
occipital condyle
amphibian_anatomy
oculomotor foramen
amphibian_anatomy
olfactory foramen
amphibian_anatomy
optic fenestra
amphibian_anatomy
optic foramen
amphibian_anatomy
orbit
amphibian_anatomy
AAO:0010440
orbitonasal foramen
amphibian_anatomy
Foramen that forms a passage for one of the branches of the trigeminal nerve into the nasal region.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
orbitosphenoid
amphibian_anatomy
Endochondral ossification of the lateral sides of the braincase.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
organizer
amphibian_anatomy
A signaling center that directs the development of the whole embryo or of part of the embryo.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
os articulare
amphibian_anatomy
Ossified posterior articular portion of Meckel's cartilage.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
os basale
amphibian_anatomy
other muscles
amphibian_anatomy
otic ligament
amphibian_anatomy
otic plate of pterygoid
amphibian_anatomy
Osseous expansion of the posterior and medial rami of the pterygoid.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
otic process
amphibian_anatomy
otic ramus of squamosal
amphibian_anatomy
posterior ramus
Ramus (process) that extends medially toward the otic capsule.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
ramus paroticus
otoccipital
amphibian_anatomy
Fused prootic and exoccipital bones.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
ovary
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000258
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000258
Either of paired female reproductive organs involved in production of ova and female sex hormones.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
palatine
amphibian_anatomy
neopalatine
Sliver of bone that invest part of or all the posterior aspect of each antorbital plane.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
palatine process of pars palatina of premaxilla
amphibian_anatomy
median palatal squame
palatine process of the pars facialis of the maxilla
amphibian_anatomy
palatine teeth
amphibian_anatomy
palatoquadrate
amphibian_anatomy
Column of catilage, remnant in the adult of the larval palatoquadrate cartilage, that is located lateral or antero-lateral to the auditory capsule.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
palatoquadrate articular process
amphibian_anatomy
paranasal commissure
amphibian_anatomy
processus lingularis
commissura lateralis nasi
Cartilaginous bridge that extends posteriorly to the anterolateral corner of the posterior nasal wall.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
connection between lamina nariochoanalis and postnasal wall
parasagittal crest
amphibian_anatomy
parasphenoid
amphibian_anatomy
keilbein
parabasale
Azygous, dermal bone of intramembranous origin that underlies the ventral surface of the braincase in anurans and salamanders. In caecilians, the parasphenoid and other bones are fused to form the Os basale.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
os sphenoideum
os parasphenoidale
cultriform process
amphibian_anatomy
Process that extends anteriorly from the orbitotemporal region.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
rostrum
pars medialis
subotic ala
amphibian_anatomy
Paired, lateral processes that, when present, support the otic capsules ventrally.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
processus lateralis
parasphenoid teeth
amphibian_anatomy
paries nasi
amphibian_anatomy
Paired, elongate, ventrolaterally-orieted cartilaginous structures that extend to the premaxilla-maxilla articulation.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
parietal
amphibian_anatomy
pars amphibiorum
amphibian_anatomy
pars articularis of mandibular arch
amphibian_anatomy
Posterior end of Meckel's cartilage that forms the articular head of the mandibular arch.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
pars basilaris
amphibian_anatomy
pars dentalis of maxilla
amphibian_anatomy
Tooth-bearing part of the maxilla.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
crista dentalis
pars dentalis of premaxilla
amphibian_anatomy
Tooth-bearing part of the premaxilla.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
pars externa plectri
amphibian_anatomy
medio-stapedial
pars quadrata columellae
hyostapes
extrastapes
extraplectral
extrapediale
extracolumellare
pars facialis of maxilla
amphibian_anatomy
pars facialis of maxillopalatine
amphibian_anatomy
pars inferior of labyrinth
amphibian_anatomy
pars interna plectri
amphibian_anatomy
Plate-like structure that lies in the fenestra ovalis. It arises within the membrana opercularis in the posterior part of the fenestra.
AOO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AOO#AOO_LAP
operculum fenestrae ovalis
operculum auris
pars media plectri
amphibian_anatomy
pars palatina of maxilla
amphibian_anatomy
lamina horizontalis
Lingual ledge on the inner surface of the maxilla.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
pars palatina of premaxilla
amphibian_anatomy
Lingual ledge on the inner surface of the premaxilla.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
pars superior of labyrinth
amphibian_anatomy
pectoral girdle
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003063
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003063
shoulder girdle
Skeletal structure immediately behind the head attached to the vertebral column by muscles and supporting the forelimbs.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
pelvic girdle
amphibian_anatomy
Anatomical cluster by which the hind limbs are supported and attached to the vertebral column.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
XAO:0003064
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003064
perilymphatic system
amphibian_anatomy
peripheral nervous system
amphibian_anatomy
Part of nervous system in which nerves extend throughout the body outside of the brain and spinal cord.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
XAO:0000178
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000178
pila antotica
amphibian_anatomy
pila metoptica
amphibian_anatomy
pineal foramen
amphibian_anatomy
planum antorbitale
amphibian_anatomy
planum conchale
amphibian_anatomy
planum internasale
amphibian_anatomy
planum terminale
amphibian_anatomy
pars terminalis
Vertical plate of cartilage that is fused posterodorsally to the oblique cartilage and anteriorly to the lamina inferior.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
terminal plate
planum triangulare
amphibian_anatomy
Cartilaginous, distal expansion of the lamina orbitonasalis that invests the pars facialis of the maxilla medially.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
plectral apparatus
amphibian_anatomy
Complex sound-conducting anatomical structure.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
posterior condyle
amphibian_anatomy
posterior maxillary process
amphibian_anatomy
Process that extends posteriorly from the planum triangulare and invests the maxilla laterally and the anterior ramus of the pterygoid medially.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
posterior maxillary process dorsal process
amphibian_anatomy
posterior mental process
amphibian_anatomy
posterior ramus of pterygoid
amphibian_anatomy
In a triradiate pterygoid, the process that extends posterolaterally towards the jaw articulation.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
posterolateral vomerine process
amphibian_anatomy
postnasal wall
amphibian_anatomy
Paired, anteriorly concave structures that form the posterior limit of nasal capsule. It consists of two parts: a ventral piece, the lamina orbitonasalis, and a dorsal plate that is part of the tectum nasi.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
prearticular
amphibian_anatomy
Osseous element of intramembranous origin that extends along the lingual margin of Meckel's cartilage.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
prearticular coronoid process
amphibian_anatomy
Point of insertion of the masticatory musculature.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
prefrontal
amphibian_anatomy
premaxilla
amphibian_anatomy
premaxillary
Paired, intramembranous bones located at the anterior end of the skull; they form the anterior-most segment of the maxillary arch.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
intermaxillaire
premaxillary teeth
amphibian_anatomy
preorbital process of the pars facialis of the maxilla
amphibian_anatomy
presumptive blood
amphibian_anatomy
presumptive central nervous system
amphibian_anatomy
presumptive ectoderm
amphibian_anatomy
presumptive endoderm
amphibian_anatomy
presumptive enteric nervous system
amphibian_anatomy
presumptive epidermis
amphibian_anatomy
presumptive hypochord
amphibian_anatomy
presumptive integument
amphibian_anatomy
presumptive mesoderm
amphibian_anatomy
presumptive nervous system
amphibian_anatomy
presumptive notochord
amphibian_anatomy
presumptive structure
amphibian_anatomy
primary germ layer
amphibian_anatomy
A layer of cells produced during the process of gastrulation during the early development of the animal embryo, which is distinct from other such layers of cells, as an early step of cell differentiation. The three types of germ layers are the endoderm, ectoderm, and mesoderm.
Wikipedia:Germ_layer
http://purl.org/obo/owl/Wikipedia#Wikipedia_Germ_layer
XAO:0003011
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003011
processus ascendens plectri
amphibian_anatomy
processus ascendens columellae
processus dorsalis columellae
Cartilaginous or ligamentous connection between the pars externa plectri and the crista parotica.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
processus superior columellae
suprastapediale
laterohyale
processus infrafenestralis
amphibian_anatomy
Posterior part of the corpus of the septomaxilla; the posterior surface of the processus infrafenestralis is in contact with the oblique cartilage.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
dorsal crest
processus internus
amphibian_anatomy
processus lingualis of pterygoid
amphibian_anatomy
Dorsolateral process of the of the medial ramus of the pterygoid.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
processus posterior of maxilla
amphibian_anatomy
Posterior, toothless portion of the maxilla by which it usually comes in contact with the quadratojugal.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
processus pterygoideus of maxilla
amphibian_anatomy
Posterior end of the pars palatina of the maxilla that is in contact with the anterior ramus of the pterygoid.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
processus suprafenestralis
amphibian_anatomy
processus zygomatico-maxillaris
amphibian_anatomy
Posterodorsal extension of the maxilla by which it establishes contact with the squamosal.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
prootic
amphibian_anatomy
Paired, endochondral bones forming the anterior, and lateral walls of the otic capsules.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
pseudoangular
amphibian_anatomy
pseudobasal process
amphibian_anatomy
pseudodentary
amphibian_anatomy
Compound bone of adult Gymnophiona, consisting of dentary, coronoid and mentomeckelian.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
pseudodentary teeth
amphibian_anatomy
pterygoid
amphibian_anatomy
Palatal bones of intramembranous origin that lie anterior to the otic capsules, lateral to the orbits, and medial to the maxillae.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
pterygoidien
pterygoid process of palatoquadrate
amphibian_anatomy
Process that extends anteriorly from the anterolateral margin of the palatoquadrate and articulates or synchondrotically fuses to the posterior end of the posterior maxillary process.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
pterygoquadrate
amphibian_anatomy
quadrate bone
amphibian_anatomy
Ossified pars articularis of the palatoquadrate cartilage.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
quadrate process of palatoquadrate
amphibian_anatomy
quadratojugal
amphibian_anatomy
quadrato-maxillare
quadratjochbeine
quadrato-jugals
Paired intramembranous bones that completes the maxillary arch posteriorly; they appear at the end of, or just after, metamorphosis.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
jugau
os jugale
quadratojugale
tympano maleaux
recessus fenestrae ovalis
amphibian_anatomy
recessus marsupiatus of premaxilla
amphibian_anatomy
recessus vaginiformis
amphibian_anatomy
respiratory system
amphibian_anatomy
The anatomical system in which the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the organism and its environment.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
XAO:0000117
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000117
reticular connective tissue
amphibian_anatomy
Network of reticular fibres (fine collagen) that form a soft skeleton to support the lymphoid organs (lymph nodes, bone marrow, and spleen).
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
retroarticular process
amphibian_anatomy
Point of insertion of the m. interhuoideus posterior.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
rib
amphibian_anatomy
dorsal rib
Endochondral, rodlike element that articulates with the transverse process and parapophysis (double-headed rib), or with the transverse process only (single-headed rib); it extends into the body wall and provides a site for muscle attachment.
AAO:Pugener_2002
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Pugener_2002
rostral process
amphibian_anatomy
sacculus
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000196
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000196
saccus endolymphaticus
amphibian_anatomy
sacrum
amphibian_anatomy
Enlarged vertebra with transverse processes (diapophyses), and ocassionally ribs, that are modified and elaborated for support of the pelvic girdle.
AAO:Duellman_and_Trueb_1994
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Duellman_and_Trueb_1994
sensory system
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003194
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003194
septomaxilla
amphibian_anatomy
turbinale
Paired, intramembranous bones located within the nasal capsules and embedded in the nasal cartilages; it is pierced by the ductus nasolacrimalis.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
os nariale
septomaxillary
lacrimale
intranasal
internasale
os internasale
nasale
nariale
le cornet
septum nasi
amphibian_anatomy
Medial, vertical plate that separates the nasal capsules.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
septum semicircularium anterior
amphibian_anatomy
septum semicircularium laterale
amphibian_anatomy
septum semircularium posterior
amphibian_anatomy
seydels palatal process
amphibian_anatomy
skeletal support for eminentia olfactoria
amphibian_anatomy
Elevation of the dorsal surface of the solum nasi medial to the fenestra endochoanalis that provides support for the eminentia olfactoria.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
skeletal system
amphibian_anatomy
System that provides physical support to the organism.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
XAO:0003060
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003060
solum nasi
amphibian_anatomy
solum nasale
planum basale
Unpaired, horizontal plate that forms the floor of the nasal capsule.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
nasal floor
spatium sacculare
amphibian_anatomy
specialized connective tissue
amphibian_anatomy
sphenethmoid
amphibian_anatomy
orbitotemporal
Os sphenethmoidale
Endochondral bone that forms the anterior portion of the braincase and forms from one ossification center on each side of the orbital cartilage.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
orbitosphenoid
splenial
amphibian_anatomy
squamosal
amphibian_anatomy
tympanique
supratemporale
squamosum
temporo-mastoidien
supratemporo-squamosum
os squamosum
paraquadratum
os tympanicum
Paired, intramembranous bones that lie at the posterolateral margins of the skull. Lateral and dorsal to the quadrate.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
stomach
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000128
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000128
Portion of alimentary canal with increased circular and longitudinal smooth muscle. Bounded posteriorly by the pyloric sphincter. Mucosal lining has increased folding.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
stylus of pars media plectri
amphibian_anatomy
os columellare
interstapediale
columellare
mesostapediale
mediostapediale
stapes
os intermedium
columella auris
columella
stilus columellare
stelidium
sulcus dentalis of maxilla
amphibian_anatomy
Groove located between the pars dentalis and the bases of the maxillary teeth.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
sulcus dentalis of premaxilla
amphibian_anatomy
sulcus for Meckels cartilage
amphibian_anatomy
superior prenasal cartilage
amphibian_anatomy
Paired, elongate cartilages that extend anteroventrally to abut the dorsomedial margin of the posterior face of the alary process of the premaxilla. The function of these cartilages is to transmit the movement of the premaxilla to the alary cartilages during the closure of the apertura nasalis externa.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
supraangular
amphibian_anatomy
supraoccipital
amphibian_anatomy
supraorbital flange
amphibian_anatomy
suprasphenoid
amphibian_anatomy
Endochondral ossification of the dorsomedial portion of the braincase.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
suspensorium
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003086
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003086
Apparatus located toward the posterolateral end of the skull, at the level of the anterior margin of the otic capsule that suspends and braces the jaw against the skull.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
symphysis maxillaris
amphibian_anatomy
taenia tecti marginalis
amphibian_anatomy
tectum nasi
amphibian_anatomy
Roof of the nasal capsule.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
tectum nasale
tentacular foramen
amphibian_anatomy
testis
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000157
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000157
Either of paired male reproductive organs which are involved in the production of sperm and male sex hormones.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
trochlear foramen
amphibian_anatomy
trunk muscles
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003230
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003230
trunk region
amphibian_anatomy
presacral region
XAO:0003077
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003077
thoracolumbar region
Region of the vertebral column between the atlas and the sacrum consisting of seven to 285 vertebrae.
AAO:Duellman_and_Trueb_1994
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Duellman_and_Trueb_1994
tympanic annulus
amphibian_anatomy
Funnel-like ring structure located lateral to the ventral ramus of the squamosal, beneath the skin; it provides support to the tympanic membrane.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
annulus tympanicus
tympanic ring
processus basilaris
tympanosquamosal
amphibian_anatomy
Central, funnel-shaped, ossified portion of the tympanic annulus fused to the squamosal bone.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
upper jaw
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003087
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003087
Superior maxillary arch located on the anterior and lateral sides of the skull.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
upper jaw opening
amphibian_anatomy
upper jaw skeleton
amphibian_anatomy
urinary bladder
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000154
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000154
Anatomical structure which consists of a membranous sac used to temporarily store urine until it is excreted from the body.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
urogenital system
amphibian_anatomy
Anatomical system that has as its parts the organs concerned with the production and excretion of urine and those concerned with reproduction.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
XAO:0000140
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000140
utriculus
amphibian_anatomy
ventral ramus of squamosal
amphibian_anatomy
Longest of the three squamosal rami; it invests the dorsolateral margin of the palatoquadrate. The distal end of the ventral ramus invests the quadrate and articulates with the quadratojugal.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
processus posterolateralis
vestibuloauditory system
amphibian_anatomy
The sensory system used for balance and hearing.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
visual system
amphibian_anatomy
The sensory system used for sight.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
XAO:0003198
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003198
vomer
amphibian_anatomy
Paired, palatal bones of intramembranous origin that lie ventral to the olfactory region and help to floor the nasal capsules.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
prevomer
praevomer
vomerine canal
amphibian_anatomy
vomerine teeth
amphibian_anatomy
Wolffian duct
amphibian_anatomy
Anatomical structure consisting of either of a pair of longitudinal ducts which carry urine and in males, sperm, to the cloaca.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
zygomatic ramus of squamosal
amphibian_anatomy
Ramus (process) that forms part of the posterior margin of the orbit.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
arcus praeoccipitalis
amphibian_anatomy
Skeletal structure that separates the inferior and superior perilymphatic foramina.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
mandibular teeth
amphibian_anatomy
maxillopalatine teeth
amphibian_anatomy
nasolarimal duct
amphibian_anatomy
nasal duct
canalis nasolacrimalis
ductus nasolacrimalis
processus lingularis
amphibian_anatomy
Rod-shaped process that extends caudally from the inferior edge of the planum terminale.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
lingular process
corpus
AAO:0010459
amphibian_anatomy
Basal part of the septomaxilla.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
centrum
pars horizontalis
margo libera
amphibian_anatomy
Anterior, rounded portion of the corpus of the septomaxilla.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
crista interna
amphibian_anatomy
Sharp ridge that extends medially from the basal part of the processus infrafenestralis; it separates the diverticulum proncipale from the diverticulum medium.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
crista praeopercularis
amphibian_anatomy
Synchondrotic or synostotic connection between the footplate of the pars media plectri and the ventral margin of the fenestra ovalis.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
anterior process of vomer
amphibian_anatomy
Process that extends anterolaterally toward the maxilla-premaxilla articulation.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
processus frontalis
amphibian_anatomy
Anterio portion of the maxilla that may contact the nasal and take part in the formation of a groove for the nasolacrimal duct.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
processus praeorbitalis of the pars facialis
lamina anterior of maxilla
amphibian_anatomy
Most anterior part of the maxilla, which is in contact with the premaxilla.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
fossa maxillaris
amphibian_anatomy
Depression lacated on the inner surface of the maxilla between the palatine process and the pars palatina.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
pars glenoidalis of quadratojugal
amphibian_anatomy
Portion of the quadratojugal that makes contact dorsally with the distal portion of the squamosal.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
pars jugalis
amphibian_anatomy
Anterior part of the quadratojugal that is in contact with the processus posterior of the maxilla.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
processus dorsalis
amphibian_anatomy
Dorsal process of the lamella alaris located at the anterior end of the margo orbitalis; a narrow ligament that runs from the frontoparietal is attached to it.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
processus posterodorsalis
amphibian_anatomy
Posterior process of the lamella alaris.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
dentigerous process
amphibian_anatomy
Tooth-bearing process of the vomer.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
torus dentigerous
prechoanal process
amphibian_anatomy
Process that extends laterally from the anterior process; its bifurcation from the postchoanal process occurs at the level of the dentigerous process.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
processus choanalis anterior
postchoanal process
amphibian_anatomy
Process that extends laterally from the anterior process; its bifurcation from the prechoanal process occurs at the level of the dentigerous process.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
processus choanalis posterior
margo choanalis
amphibian_anatomy
Margin between the prechoanal and postchoanal process. It bounds the fenestra endochoanalis.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
crista vomeri
amphibian_anatomy
Ridge on the dorsal surface of the vomer that runs from the anterior to the postchoanal processes of the vomer; it takes part in the fixation of the bone to the lateral margin of the solum nasi.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
processus posterior
amphibian_anatomy
Posterior projection of the median part of the parsphenoid, which may extend over the posterior margins of the subotic alae.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
parahyoid
amphibian_anatomy
hyoid plate
amphibian_anatomy
Azygous or paired bone that occurs on the ventral surface of the hyoid plate.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
hyobranchial skeleton
amphibian_anatomy
ceratohyal
amphibian_anatomy
keratohyale
zungenbeinknorpel
Paired elements that lie ventral to the hypobranchials and curve dorsally from their medial articulation with basibranchial toward the suspensorium.
AAO:Duellman_and_Trueb_1994
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Duellman_and_Trueb_1994
hyale
hyoid
ceratohyale
pars reuniens
amphibian_anatomy
Area of fusion of the ceratohyals.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
hypoglossal sinus
amphibian_anatomy
anterior process of hyoid apparatus
amphibian_anatomy
anterolateral process of hyoid plate
amphibian_anatomy
processus anterolateralis
processus alaris
Processes that flank the hyales laterally and extend anterolaterally from the anterolateral margin of the hyoid plate. They are formed as a result of new cartilaginous growth lateral to the basibranchial.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
processus lateralis anterior
posterolateral process
amphibian_anatomy
Paired processes that extend posterolaterally from the posterolateral margin of the hyoid plate. These processes are formed as a result of new cartilaginous growth lateral to the basibranchial and hypobranchial plate.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
posteromedial process
amphibian_anatomy
hyoid
cornua posteriores
Cartilaginous, paired processes that extend posterolaterally from the posterior margin of the hyoid plate. These processes invest the laryngeal apparatus and are ossified in the adult.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
arytenoid cartilage
amphibian_anatomy
Paired, anteroposteriorly elongated cartilages that are associated with the vocal cords. These cartilages are medially separated and hemispherical, and their concave side faces ventromedially.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
cartilago arytaenoidea
cricoid cartilage
amphibian_anatomy
cartilago cricoidea
Cartilaginous ring that provides support for the arytenoid cartilages. Its ventral part is bent posteriorly to form a V.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
cartilago cricotrachealis
bronchial process
amphibian_anatomy
Paired processes that extend posteroventrally from the anterolateral margins of the cricoid ring.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
processus trachealis
lateral process
amphibian_anatomy
esophageal process
amphibian_anatomy
spina oesophagea
Median process located on the posterior end of the cricoid cartilage.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
humerus
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003210
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003210
Paired, elongate, cylindrical bones of endochondral origin that extend from the pectoral girdle to the elbows.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
manubrium
amphibian_anatomy
processus anteriores
Proximal section of the hyale.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
hyoid apparatus opening
amphibian_anatomy
hyoid apparatus skeleton
amphibian_anatomy
sinus nervi hypoglossi
amphibian_anatomy
Depression that houses the hypoglossus nerve and is located between the anterolateral process and the proximal part of the hyale.
AAO:Rocek_2003
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Rocek_2003
hyoid bone
amphibian_anatomy
os postero-mediale
ossa thyroidea
Paired processes that extend posterolaterally from the posterior margin of the hyoid plate. These processes are the ossified posteromedial processes and invest the laryngeal apparatus.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
hyoid
foramen nervi hypoglossi
amphibian_anatomy
Foramen that houses the hypoglossus nerve and is located between the anterolateral process and the proximal part of the hyale.
AAO:Rocek_2003
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Rocek_2003
foramen laterale
basibranchial
amphibian_anatomy
Copula I
Medial element to which other parts of the hyoid apparatus are attached.
AAO:Duellman_and_Trueb_1994
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Duellman_and_Trueb_1994
processus confluens
amphibian_anatomy
Strip of cartilage that forms the lateral margin of the foramen nervi hypoglossi.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
processus alaris
prominentia apicalis dorsalis
amphibian_anatomy
prominentia apicalis anterior
Anterior end of the arytenoid cartilage.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
prominentia apicalis ventralis
amphibian_anatomy
prominentia apicalis posterior
Posterior (cardiac) end of the arytenoid cartilage.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
wrisbergi cartilage
amphibian_anatomy
cartilago apicalis intermedia
cartilago apicalis seu cartilago santoriniana
Independent cartilage that may occur dorsal or anterior to the prominentiae apicales dorsales of the arytenoid cartilages.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
vertebra
amphibian_anatomy
Main component of the vertebral column. It consists of two essential parts, a dorsal neural arch and a ventral centrum.
AAO:Pugener_and_Maglia_2008
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Pugener_and_Maglia_2008
pedicel
amphibian_anatomy
Paired stalks located dorsolateral to the vertebral centrum that provide support to the lateral margins of the neural arch laminae.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
neural canal
amphibian_anatomy
Canal formed by the vertebral centra ventrally, the pedicels laterally, and the neural arches dorsally that encloses and protects the spinal cord.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
foramen vertebrale
spinal canal
atlantal cotyle
amphibian_anatomy
cavitas glenoidalis
Anterior, single or paired concave facets for articulation with the condyle(s) of the urostyle.
AAO:Francis_1934
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Francis_1934
neural arch lamina
amphibian_anatomy
Paired plates that form the neural arch. The lateral margin of each lamina rests dorsal to the superior end of the pedicel, and the medial end fuses to the medial end of the opposite lamina.
AAO:Pugener_and_Maglia_2008
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Pugener_and_Maglia_2008
posterior intervertebral notch
amphibian_anatomy
Indentation on the anterior margin of the pedicel. When two vertebrae articulate, the anterior notch of one vertebra and the posterior notch of the other create a bilateral intervertebral space.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
centrum
amphibian_anatomy
Cylindrical body of bone, round or oval in cross section, which functionally replaces the notochord.
AAO:Duellman_and_Trueb_2008
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Duellman_and_Trueb_2008
corpus
transverse process
amphibian_anatomy
Projections on each side of the vertebra from the point where the neural arch lamina joins the pedicel for the articulation with the head of a single-headed rib or the upper head of a double-headed rib. Also called diapophyses. They provide surfaces for the attachment of muscles. In anurans, the term transverse process is used in reference to the processes associated with the presacral and postsacral vertebrae.
AAO:Trueb_1973
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Trueb_1973
AAO:Pugener_and_Maglia_2008
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Pugener_and_Maglia_2008
AAO:Pugener_2002
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Pugener_2002
XAO:0003102
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003102
vertebral column skeleton
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003074
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003074
vertebral column opening
amphibian_anatomy
intervertebral space
amphibian_anatomy
Space formed by the anterior and posterior intervertebral notches. The intervertebral spaces accommodate the spinal nerves as they emerge from the spinal canal.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
intervertebral space
postzygapophysis
amphibian_anatomy
processus obliquus posterior
Paired processes at the caudal end of the neural arch. The articular facets of the postzygapophyses face lateroventrally and articulate with the dorsomedially facing facets of the prezygapophyses of the succeeding vertebra.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
prezygapophysis
amphibian_anatomy
Paired processes at the cephalic end of the neural arch. The articular facets of the prezygapophyses face dorsomedially and articulate with the lateroventrally facing facets of the postzygapophyses of the preceding vertebra.
AAO:Pugener_and_Maglia_2008
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Pugener_and_Maglia_2008
processus obliquus anterior
anterior intervertebral notch
amphibian_anatomy
Indentation on the posterior margin of the pedicel. When two vertebrae articulate, the anterior notch of one vertebra and the posterior notch of the other create a bilateral intervertebral space.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
neural spine
amphibian_anatomy
Elaboration of the mid-dorsal keel into a posterior or posterolateral process.
AAO:Pugener_and_Maglia_2008
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Pugener_and_Maglia_2008
processus spinosus
diapophysis
amphibian_anatomy
Paired processes that arise near the midpoint of the neural arch lamina, for the attachment of the tuberculum of two-headed ribs. Also called transverse processes. In anurans, the term diapophysis is used in reference to the modified transverse processes of the sacral vertebra elaborated for support of the pelvic girdle.
AAO:Duellman_and_Trueb_1994
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Duellman_and_Trueb_1994
AAO:Pugener_2002
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Pugener_2002
pleurapophysis
amphibian_anatomy
Paired processes that represent the rib attachments to the vertebra plus the ribs.
AAO:Duellman_and_Trueb_1994
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Duellman_and_Trueb_1994
parapophysis
amphibian_anatomy
Paired processes, which arise near the dorsolateral part of the vertebral centrum, for the attachment of the capitulum of two-headed ribs.
AAO:Duellman_and_Trueb_1994
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Duellman_and_Trueb_1994
atlas
amphibian_anatomy
presacral I
First postcranial vertebra, which is modified anteriorly to articulate with the skull.
AAO:Duellman_and_Trueb_1994
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Duellman_and_Trueb_1994
zygapophysis
amphibian_anatomy
Paired processes at the cephalic and caudal ends of the neural arch. They function as interlocking structures between adjacent vertebrae, and limit dorsoventral flexion and lateral movement of the column in the trunk region.
AAO:Pugener_and_Maglia_2008
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Pugener_and_Maglia_2008
processus articularis
procoelous
amphibian_anatomy
Holochordal vertebral centra that are concave anteriorly and convex posteriorly; they bear a condyle on the posterior end for the articulation with the posterior adjacent vertebral centrum, forming a ball-and-socket joint that allows extensive motion in most directions.
AAO:Pugener_2002
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Pugener_2002
AAO:Trueb_1973
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Trueb_1973
opisthocoelous
amphibian_anatomy
Ectochordal or stegochordal vertebral centra that are convex anteriorly and concave posteriorly; they bear a condyle on the anterior end for the articulation with the posterior adjacent vertebral centrum, forming a ball-and-socket joint that allows extensive motion in most directions.
AAO:Pugener_2002
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Pugener_2002
AAO:Trueb_1973
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Trueb_1973
epichordal
amphibian_anatomy
Vertebral centrum that originates from ossification of the dorsal portion of the perichordal tube; the resulting element tends to be depressed in cross section.
AAO:Kluge_and_Farris_1969
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Kluge_and_Farris_1969
perichordal
amphibian_anatomy
Vertebral centrum that originates from ossification of the entire perichordal tube; the resulting element is cylindrical in cross section and may have an open (notochord retained) or solid center.
AAO:Kluge_and_Farris_1969
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Kluge_and_Farris_1969
heterocoelous
amphibian_anatomy
Vertebral centrum that bears saddle-shaped articular surfaces at both ends, having a convexity in the right-left axis and a concavity in the dorsoventral axis. This morphology allows great lateral and vertical flexion.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
acoelous
amphibian_anatomy
Vertebral centrum with flat ends. Between successive vertebrae there is a fibrocartilaginous intervertebral body with a gel-like core, the nucleus pulposus, which is derived from the embryonic notochord. Acoelous vertebrae seem especially suited to receive and distribute compressive forces within the vertebral column.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
amphicoelous
amphibian_anatomy
Ectochordal, biconcave or terminally flat vertebral centrum. This design seems to allow limited motion in most directions. An intervertebral body (which may or may not be independent from the adjacent centra) fills the cavity between successive centra. The intervertebral body usually is formed by soft material that may be derived, at least in part, from the embryonic notochord.
AAO:Trueb_1973
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Trueb_1973
AAO:Pugener_2002
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Pugener_2002
ectochordal
amphibian_anatomy
Spool-shaped vertebral centrum with an open center in which the notochord lies.
AAO:Griffiths_1959
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Griffiths_1959
holochordal
amphibian_anatomy
Spool-shaped vertebral centrum with a solid center. All traces of the notochord dissapear.
AAO:Griffiths_1959
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Griffiths_1959
stegochordal
amphibian_anatomy
Vertebral centrum that is depressed dorsoventrally and solid. All traces of the notochord dissapear.
AAO:Griffiths_1959
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Griffiths_1959
odontoid process
amphibian_anatomy
tuberculum interglenoideum
Anterior process located between the atlantal cotyles that projects into the foramen magnum of the skull and bears facets that articulate with the lateral walls of the foramen.
AAO:Duellman_and_Trueb_1994
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Duellman_and_Trueb_1994
tuberculum
amphibian_anatomy
Dorsal head of a bicapitate rib. It articulates with the diapophysis.
AAO:Duellman_and_Trueb_1994
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Duellman_and_Trueb_1994
capitulum of rib
amphibian_anatomy
Ventral head of a bicapitate rib. It articulates with the parapophysis.
AAO:Duellman_and_Trueb_1994
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Duellman_and_Trueb_1994
sacral region
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003078
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003078
Region of the vertebral column represented by one or two vertebrae.
AAO:Duellman_and_Trueb_1994
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Duellman_and_Trueb_1994
neural arch
amphibian_anatomy
Bony arch perched on the vertebral centrum; successive arches enclose the neural canal that surrounds and protects the spinal cord dorsally.
AAO:Pugener_2002
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Pugener_2002
carina neuralis
haemal arch
amphibian_anatomy
Bony canal attached to the ventral surface or the vertebral centrum that encloses and protects the caudal artery and vein ventrally. The arch consists of right and left halves, which are fused ventrally to give a V- or Y-shape to the ventral aspect of the vertebra.
AAO:Pugener_2002
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Pugener_2002
ventral arch
haemal arch lamina
amphibian_anatomy
Paired plates that form the haemal arch. The lateral margin of each lamina is firmly attached to the ventral surface of the caudal vertebral centrum and the medial end fuses to the medial end of the opposite lamina.
AAO:Pugener_2002
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Pugener_2002
nucal keel
amphibian_anatomy
Longitudinal process found in all cervical vertebrae, except the atlas, for the attachment of dorsal head musculature.
AAO:Duellman_and_Trueb_1994
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Duellman_and_Trueb_1994
spinal foramen
amphibian_anatomy
Opening on the vertebra for a spinal nerve as it emerges from the spinal canal.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
foramen nutritium
amphibian_anatomy
Opening on the lateral side of the vertebra for the passage of blood vessels.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
coccyx
amphibian_anatomy
Small, bony element consisting of several fused, rudimentary caudal vertebrae; near metamorphosis the hypochord fuses to the coccyx, thereby forming the urostyle.
AAO:Pugener_and_Maglia_2008
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Pugener_and_Maglia_2008
AAO:Pugener_2002
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Pugener_2002
urostyle
amphibian_anatomy
os coccygei
Rodlike caudal bony structure unique to anurans that lies within a compartment formed by the elongated, anteriorly oriented pelvic girdle. The urostyle is formed by the fusion of the coccyx and the hypochord.
AAO:Pugener_and_Maglia_2008
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Pugener_and_Maglia_2008
AAO:Pugener_2002
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Pugener_2002
XAO:0003080
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003080
hypochord
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000056
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000056
Unsegmented ventral structure in the caudal region of anuran larvae; near metamorphosis the hypochord fuses to the coccyx, thereby forming the urostyle.
AAO:Pugener_2002
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Pugener_2002
mid-dorsal keel
amphibian_anatomy
Ridge-shaped structure present on the dorsomedial surface of the neural arch lamina; this structure is produced at the point of junction of the contralateral sides of each neural arch.
AAO:Pugener_2002
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Pugener_2002
crista ventralis
amphibian_anatomy
crista ventralis humeri
Ridge on the ventral aspect of the humeral shaft that extends from the level of the glenoid head to about one-third to one-half the lenfth of the shaft. It serves for the attachment of the mm pectoralis and supra-coracoideus.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
deltoid crest
perichordal tube
amphibian_anatomy
Coat around the notochord that originates from cells derived from the sclerotomes.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
perichordal ring
amphibian_anatomy
Segmental sections of the perichordal tube that give rise to vertebrae.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
spinous process
amphibian_anatomy
Small, posteriorly directed process at the posterior margin of each neural arch lamina; it is not a neural spine.
AAO:Pugener_2002
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Pugener_2002
synsacrum
amphibian_anatomy
Complex of synostotically fused vertebrae supporting the pelvic girdle. In anurans, the synsacrum is formed by two vertebrae and the urostyle is fused to its posterior end.
AAO:Pugener_2002
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Pugener_2002
uncinate process
amphibian_anatomy
Posteriorly directed process (occasionally directed anteriorly) usually associated with the rib (sometimes with the transverse process) of the third vertebra; they provide the origin of the mm serratus superior, medius, and inferior.
AAO:Pugener_2002
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Pugener_2002
epiphysis
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000160
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000160
Cartilaginous expansion at the distal end of an anterior rib or transverse process that serves for the attachment of muscles suspending the pectoral girdle to the vertebral column.
AAO:Pugener_2002
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Pugener_2002
sacral condyle
amphibian_anatomy
Anterior, paired convex facets for articulation with the cotyle(s) of the urostyle.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
urostyle cotyle
amphibian_anatomy
Anterior, single or paired concave facets for articulation with the sacral condyle(s).
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
fossa condyloidea ossis coccygei
webbing of bone
amphibian_anatomy
In anurans, pair of bony plates that connect the posteromedial margins of the sacral diapophyses with the lateral margins of the anterior portion of the urostyle.
AAO:Pugener_and_Maglia_2008
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Pugener_and_Maglia_2008
urostyle ridge
amphibian_anatomy
crista ossi coccygei
Longitudinal crest on the dorsal side of the urostyle formed by the caudal neural arches.
AAO:Maglia_et_al_2007
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Maglia_et_al_2007
appendicular skeleton
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003166
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003166
The pectoral and pelvic girdles, which articulate with the axial skeleton, together with their associated limbs, the forelimbs and hind limbs, form the appendicular skeleton.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
suprascapula
amphibian_anatomy
adscapulum
episcapulum
omolita
Paired, cartilaginous elements located in the dorsolateral shoulder region. Each suprascapula is a flat broad blade that extends medially.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
scapula major
glenoid fossa
amphibian_anatomy
glenoid cavity
Cavity for the articulation of the forelimb formed by the scapula, coracoid, and clavicle.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
cleithrum
amphibian_anatomy
Paired bones of intramembranous origin. Each cleithrum extends medially from a point near the suprascapular-scapular articulation to invest the anterior margin of the suprascapula, and occasionoally it may extend to the dorsal (medial) surface. Usually, this bone is bifurcate.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
scapula
amphibian_anatomy
Paired bony elements of endochondral origin. They are situated at the level of the jaw articulation, in a vertical position, with the suprascapular margin being dorsal and the glenoid end being ventral.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
collum scapulae
lower shoulder blade
omoplate
scapula minor
pars acromialis
amphibian_anatomy
Prominent structure (anteromedial head) that forms the anterior section of the ventral margin of the scapula.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
pars glenoidalis of scapula
amphibian_anatomy
Concave structure (posteromedial head) that forms the posterior head of the ventral margin of the scapula. The pars glenoidalis articulates with the humerus, and comprises the dorsal portion of the glenoid fossa.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
pectoral girdle skeleton
amphibian_anatomy
pectoral girdle opening
amphibian_anatomy
crista dorsalis
amphibian_anatomy
Small hooked process on the dorsal aspect of the humeral shaft; it does not extend on to the glenoid head. The m subscapularis is inserted on it.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
crista dorsalis humeri
zonal area
amphibian_anatomy
All those parts of the pectoral girdle ventral and medial to the glenoid fossa.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
lateral epicondyle
amphibian_anatomy
radial condyle
epicondylus lateralis humeri
Rounded projection at the distal head of the humerus (larger and more prominent than the lateral epicondyle) and lateral to the humeral head, which serves as a place of attachment for the mm extensor antebrachii et carpi radialis, extensor digitorum communis, and in part to the m extensor antebrachii et carpi ulnaris.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
omosternum
amphibian_anatomy
prezonal sternum
sternum superior
interclavicle
prezonal element
episternum
Proximal portion of the prezonal element of the pectoral girdle. It may be a flat, midventral cartilaginous structure or a calcified or bony element elaborated into a stylum.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
procoracoid
amphibian_anatomy
precoracoid
Cartilaginous, paired structures located on the anterolateral portions of the zonal area of the pectoral girdle.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
clavicle
amphibian_anatomy
acromial
Slender, paired bones of intramembranous origin that invest the anterior margins of the procoracoids.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
os thoracale
furcula
epicoracoid
amphibian_anatomy
coracoid cartilage
corpus sterni
entosternal
infracoracoid
sterni ossa media
Paired, flat cartilaginous arches that compose the central portion of the zonal area, unites the clavicle and coracoid of each half of the pectoral girdle, and form the medial margins of the pectoral fenestrae.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
epicoracoid bridge
amphibian_anatomy
A pair of cartilaginous expansions (one from each epicoracoid cartilage) that project anteriorly. They articulate anteriorly with the omosternum.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
procoracoid bridge
coracoid
amphibian_anatomy
pars sternalis scapulae
coracoidien
coracoideum
clavicula vera
Paired cartilaginous structures or endochondral bones located on the posterolateral portions of the zonal area of the pectoral girdle.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
clavicula
clavicula posterior
sternum
amphibian_anatomy
cartilaginula quadrata intermedia
os triangulare
hyposternum
sternum inferius
Single element that constitutes the postzonal area of the pectoral girdle.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
pelvic girdle opening
amphibian_anatomy
pelvic girdle skeleton
amphibian_anatomy
pelvic girdle symphisis
amphibian_anatomy
Medial attachment of the two halves of the pelvic girdle.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
acetabulum
amphibian_anatomy
Cavity for the articulation of the proximal bone of the hind limb.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
cavite cotyloide
acetabular depression
amphibian_anatomy
Central, most concave portion of the acetabulum, which remains open.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
ilium
amphibian_anatomy
ileum bone
Paired, rodlike endochondral bones that constitute the anterior pelvic girdle.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
ilial ridge
amphibian_anatomy
Longitudinal crest on the dorsal side of the shaft of the ilium.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
ala ossis ilei
ilial shaft
amphibian_anatomy
Anterior rod that articulates with the sacrum.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
ilial corpus
amphibian_anatomy
Posterior body of the ilium that forms the anterior half of the acetabulum.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
glenoid foramen
amphibian_anatomy
Opening on the glenoid fossa.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
epicoracoid horn
amphibian_anatomy
A pair of cartilaginous expansions (one from each epicoracoid cartilage) that project posteriorly. They articulate with the sternum by means of grooves, pouches or fossae in the dorsal surface of the sternum and provide a site for the insertion of a pair of muscles derived from the m. rectus abdominis.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
supracoracoid foramen
amphibian_anatomy
Opening on the scapulocoracoid bone through which passes the n. supracoracoideus and the corresponding artery and vein.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
foramen supracoracoideum
pectoral fenestra
amphibian_anatomy
Ovoid space on the pectoral girdle limited anteriorly by the procoracoid, medially by the epicoracoid, and posteriorly by the coracoid.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
fenestra between procoracoid and coracoid
incisura coracoidea
amphibian_anatomy
Notch that separates the cartilaginous regions of the procoracoid and coracoid.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
scapulocoracoid
amphibian_anatomy
Fused, ossified portions of the scapula, procoracoid, and coracoid.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
medial epicondyle
amphibian_anatomy
Rounded projection at the distal head of the humerus and medial to the humeral head, which serves as a place of attachment for the flexor muscles antogonistic to those that attach to the lateral epicondyle.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
epicondylus medialis humeri
fovea capitis
amphibian_anatomy
Ovoid roughened pit, which is situated a little below and behind the center of the head, and serves as a site of attachment for ligaments.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
ulnar condyle
amphibian_anatomy
Semi-elliptical ball located at the lower end of the humerus, adjacent to the humeral ball.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
medial condyle
trochlear groove of humerus
amphibian_anatomy
Furrow between the humeral head and the ulnar condyle.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
fossa cubitalis ventralis
amphibian_anatomy
Depresion on the distal end of the humerus, just anterior to the humeral head, in which the end of the radius fits when the forelimb is flexed.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
collum antibrachii
amphibian_anatomy
In a fused radio-ulna, the proximal portion of the compound bone (where the sulcus longitudinalis is barely evident or absent) is a cylindrical pillar.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
radius
amphibian_anatomy
One of the two long bones of endochondral origin of the fore-epipodium; it is located on the lateral side of the ulna. Its upper end articulates with both the humerus and the ulna, whereas the lower articulates with the carpals.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
ulna
amphibian_anatomy
One of the two long bones of endochondral origin of the fore-epipodium; it is located on the medial (inner) side of the radius. The upper end of the ulna articulates with the lower end of the humerus forming a strong hinge joint with the carpals, whereas the lower articulates with the carpals.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
radiale
amphibian_anatomy
One of two element that constitute the basal row of carpals. It articulates proximally with the radius, mesially with the ulnare (or pars intermedia of the ulnare when the ulnare is fused to the intermedium) and distally with the centrale (also recognized by some authors as element Y). This element originates from one or two condensation centers. Occasionally it may fuse to carpal 5(4), the ulnare, or other elements.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
anterior ramus of cleithrum
amphibian_anatomy
Subdivision of the cleithrum that extends along the anterior edge of the suprascapula.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
anomocoelous
amphibian_anatomy
Stegochordal slightly biconcave or flat terminally vertebral centrum. Each intervertebral cartilage is subdivided anteriorly and posteriorly, producing a free intervertebral element between adjacent vertebrae. This element subsequently ossifies and remains free.
AAO:Trueb_1973
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Trueb_1973
displasiocoelous
amphibian_anatomy
Vertebral column in which the first seven vertebrae have holochordal centra and the intervertebral cartilages are posteriorly subdivided in the procoelous manner. The eighth presacral vertebra has a holochordal centrum and the intervertebral cartilage is subdivided in the opisthocoelous manner. Thus, the first seven presacral vertebrae are concave anteriorly and convex posteriorly, whereas the eighth is biconcave.
AAO:Trueb_1973
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Trueb_1973
intervertebral cartilage
amphibian_anatomy
Block of cartilage, which usually ossifies, that lies between successive vertebral centra.
AAO:Trueb_1973
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Trueb_1973
imbricate neural arch
amphibian_anatomy
Overlapping neural arches that obscure the spinal cord dorsally.
AAO:Trueb_1973
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Trueb_1973
non-imbricate neural arch
amphibian_anatomy
Neural arches that do not overlap, thus exposing the spinal cord dorsally.
AAO:Trueb_1973
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Trueb_1973
presacral shield
amphibian_anatomy
Dorsal, dermal plate of bone that overlies the presacral vertebrae. Such shield usually has irregular, sculptured surfaces, frequently is broadly expanded, and may be composed of several separate plates.
AAO:Trueb_1973
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Trueb_1973
cartilago paraglenoidalis
amphibian_anatomy
Strip of cartilage that separates the coracoid from the scapula.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
intercotylar space
amphibian_anatomy
Space between the atlantal cotyles.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
spatium interglenoidale
caput glenoidale
amphibian_anatomy
Convex articular facet of the vertebral centrum for the articulation with the adjacent centrum.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
fossa glenoidalis
amphibian_anatomy
Concave articular facet of the vertebral centrum for the articulation with the adjacent centrum.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
sulcus articularis lateralis
amphibian_anatomy
In a zygapophysis that has ridges and sulci, the lateral canal between the carina distalis and the carina medialis.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
sulcus articularis medialis
amphibian_anatomy
In a zygapophysis that has ridges and sulci, the medial canal between the carina medialis and the carina proximalis.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
carina proximalis
amphibian_anatomy
In a zygapophysis that has ridges and sulci, the proximal ridge.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
carina medialis
amphibian_anatomy
In a zygapophysis that has ridges and sulci, the medial ridge.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
carina distalis
amphibian_anatomy
In a zygapophysis that has ridges and sulci, the distal ridge.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
parasagittal processes
amphibian_anatomy
Paired, posteriorly directed process at the posterior margin of each neural arch lamina.
AAO:Cannatella_1985
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Cannatella_1985
accessory articulation
amphibian_anatomy
Paired, additional vertebral articulations located medial to the intervertebral space, adjacent to the vertebral centrum.
AAO:Cannatella_1985
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Cannatella_1985
fissura sagittalis
amphibian_anatomy
Medial groove in the longitudinal ridge of the urostyle formed by the incomplete dorsal fusion of the caudal neural arches.
AAO:Maglia_et_al_2007
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Maglia_et_al_2007
glenoid end of clavicle
amphibian_anatomy
Lateral end of the clavicle, which usually lies in close proximity to the pars acromialis of the scapula, and occassionally may fuse to it.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
extremitas glenoidalis
sternal end of clavicle
amphibian_anatomy
medial end
Medial end of the clavicle, which usually lies on the ventral side of the epicoracoid cartilage, just posterior to the epicoracoid bridge.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
extremitas medialis
sulcus pro cartilagine praecoracoidealis
amphibian_anatomy
Canal on the posterior aspect of the clavicle that accomodates the anterior margin of the procoracoid cartilage.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
glenoid head of coracoid
amphibian_anatomy
Lateral end of the coracoid, which forms the medial portion of the glenoid fossa.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
intumescentia glenoidalis
sternal head of coracoid
amphibian_anatomy
Medial end of the coracoid, which is synchondrotically fused to the epicoracoid cartilage.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
pars epicoracoidealis
margo fenestralis
amphibian_anatomy
Anterior margin of the coracoid, which forms the posterior edge of the pectoral fenestra.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
margo posterior
amphibian_anatomy
Posterior margin of the coracoid.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
margo anterior of scapula
amphibian_anatomy
Anterior margin of the scapula.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
margo clavicularis
amphibian_anatomy
Inferior margin of the pars acromialis of the scapula, which articulates with the clavicule.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
margo posterior of scapula
amphibian_anatomy
Posterior margin of the scapula.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
margo suprascapularis
amphibian_anatomy
Superior margin of the scapula, which articulates with the suprascapula.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
pars suprascapularis
amphibian_anatomy
Superior portion of the scapula, which is thinner than the rest of the shaft.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
sinus interglenoidalis
amphibian_anatomy
Notch or indentation between the pars glenoidalis and pars acromialis of the scapula.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
tenuitas cristaeformis
amphibian_anatomy
Leading (anterior) portion of the scapula, which is thinner than the rest of the shaft.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
crista longitudinalis
amphibian_anatomy
Longitudinal ridge on the medial (inner) face of the scapula.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
acromion
amphibian_anatomy
Anterior rounded projection of the pars acromialis of the scapula.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
margo anterior of cleithrum
amphibian_anatomy
Anterior margin of the anterior ramus of the cleithrum.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
margo posterior of cleithrum
amphibian_anatomy
Posterior margin of the posterior ramus of the cleithrum.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
margo scapularis
amphibian_anatomy
Lateral margin of the suprascapula, which articulates with the scapula.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
margo vertebralis
amphibian_anatomy
Medial margin of the suprascapula, which lies dorsal to the vertebral column.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
spina acromioidea
amphibian_anatomy
Small process of the lamina recurvata that extends laterally toward the scapular-suprascapular articulation.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
anterior lamina recurvata
amphibian_anatomy
Portion of the anterior ramus of the cleithrum that invest the anterior margin of the suprascapula, extending onto its dorsal surface.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
sinus dorsalis
amphibian_anatomy
Notch or indentation between the anterior and posterior rami of the cleithrum.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
posterior lamina recurvata
amphibian_anatomy
Portion of the posterior ramus of the cleithrum that invests the posterior margin of the suprascapula, extending onto its dorsal surface.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
glenoid head
amphibian_anatomy
Hemispherical ball on the proximal end of the humerus that fits into the glenoid cavity of the pectoral girdle to form the shoulder joint.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
caput humeri
crista lateralis
amphibian_anatomy
Ridge on the lateral aspect of the humeral shaft located just anterior to the radial (lateral) epicondyle.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
crista medialis
amphibian_anatomy
Ridge on the medial aspect of the humeral shaft that extends from the level of the middle portion of the shaft to ulnar (medial) epicondyle.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
humeral head
amphibian_anatomy
eminentia capitata
radial condyle
Hemispherical ball located at the lower end of the humerus that stands out prominently from the surrounding structures toward the flexor surface of the forelimb and fits into the socket joint of the olecranon process.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
crista radii
amphibian_anatomy
Small ridge on the lateral aspect of the radial shaft, located at the level of the collum antibrachii.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
capitulum of radius
amphibian_anatomy
Lateral portion of the proximal (upper) articular surface of the radius that consists of an eminence with a rounded apex.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
capitulum radii
amphibian_anatomy
Small eminence on the distal articular head of the radius.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
capitulum ulnae
amphibian_anatomy
Small eminence on the distal articular head of the ulna.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
olecranon
amphibian_anatomy
AAO:0010263
Large and thick process situated at the proximal (upper) end of the ulna. Its inner face forms the medial articular surface that articulates with the humeral head.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
ulnar process
sulcus longitudinalis
amphibian_anatomy
In a fused radio-ulna, longitudinal furrow that demarcates the area of fusion of both elements. This sulcus is deep in the distal portion of the compound bone, but barely evident or absent at the proximal end.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
ulnare
amphibian_anatomy
One of two element that constitute the basal row of carpals. It articulates with the ulna, radius, radiale, centrale (element Y), and carpal 5(4). This element originates from one condensation center or the fusion of two elements (ulnare and intermedium). Occasionally it may fuse to carpal 5(4), the radiale, or other elements.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
element Y of fore mesopodium
amphibian_anatomy
Oval carpal element that is located on the anteromedial side of the radiale and the anterolateral side of the ulnare. Anteriorly, it articulates with carpals 1 through 4 (or 2 through 5 according to some authors). It is also recognized as centrale by some authors. This element originates from one, two, or three condensation centers. Occasionally it may fuse to carpal 2(1), carpal 3(2), the ulnare, or other elements.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
distal carpal
amphibian_anatomy
Series of elements that articulate with the metacarpals.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
basale
carpal 2
amphibian_anatomy
Small element that articulates with the prepollex, metacarpal II(I) and metacarpal III(II). It may be fused to element Y or carpal 3(2).
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
carpal 3
amphibian_anatomy
Small element that articulates anteriorly with metacarpal III(II). It may be fused to carpals 2(1), 4(3), 5(4), or other elements.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
carpal 4
amphibian_anatomy
Small element that articulates anteriorly with metacarpal IV(III). It may be fused to carpal 3(2), 5(4), or other elements.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
carpal 5
amphibian_anatomy
Small element that articulates anteriorly with metacarpal IV(V). It may be fused to carpal 4(3), 5(4), the ulnare, radiale, or other elements.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
prepollex
amphibian_anatomy
Two or more elements located ventral and medial to the metacarpal of digit II(I). The proximal prepollex is small and round whereas distal prepollex 1 is usually large and wedge-shaped. When more elements are present, they are smaller than previous elements.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
cartilago pre-pollicis
metacarpal II
amphibian_anatomy
Dumb-bell-shaped bone of endochondral origin with cartilaginous epiphyses that articulates with the prepollex and carpal 2(1) or carpal 2+3(1+2) proximally and with the proximal phalanx of digit II(I) distally.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
metacarpal III
amphibian_anatomy
Dumb-bell-shaped bone of endochondral origin with cartilaginous epiphyses that articulates with carpal 3(2) proximally and with the proximal phalanx of digit III(II) distally.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
metacarpal V
amphibian_anatomy
Dumb-bell shaped bones of endochondral origin with cartilaginous epiphyses that articulates with carpal 5(4) proximally and with the proximal phalanx of digit V(IV) distally.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
intercalary element of fore digit
amphibian_anatomy
Small elements of endochondral origin present in all digits of the manus. Each intercalary element articulates with the anteroventral end of the penultimate phalanx proximally and the distal phalanx distally.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
fore digit
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003036
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003036
One of the fingers of the manus.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
foramen perforans carpi
amphibian_anatomy
Opening for the passage of the perforans carpi artery from the ventral to the dorsal side. It perforates the compound ulnare + intermedium.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
ischium
amphibian_anatomy
os ischii
Paired bones of endochondral origin that constitute the posterior elements of the pelvic girdle. They are synostotically fused to each other and form the posterior part of the acetabulum.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
pubis
amphibian_anatomy
cartilago remanens
Paired, cartilaginous (ocassionally calcified) elements that form the ventral portion of the pelvic girdle. Each is located ventral to the acetabulum between the anteroventral margin of the ischium and the posteroventral margin of the illium. When the element calcifies or ossifies, its articulation with adjacent elements is difficult to distinguish. Both pubes are synchondrotically fused to one another.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
pubo-ischium
amphibian_anatomy
Composite element formed by the fusion of the ischium and pubis.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
ilio-pubis
obturator foramen
amphibian_anatomy
Small opening for the passage of the obturatorius nerve that perforates the pubis.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
acetabular rim
amphibian_anatomy
Cartilaginous ring that forms the entire acetabular margin.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
epileon
amphibian_anatomy
Dorsal extremity of the ilial shaft, which remains cartilaginous.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
agger limitans anterior
amphibian_anatomy
Shelf-like expansion of the ilial corpus that forms the anterior border of the acetabulum.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
agger limitans anterior
amphibian_anatomy
Shelf-like expansion of the ischium that forms the posterior border of the acetabulum.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
supra-acetabular expansion
amphibian_anatomy
pars ascendens ilei
dorsal acetabular expansion
Dorsal portion of the ilial corpus, located above the acetabulum.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
ilial protuberance
amphibian_anatomy
Small, dorsolaterally projecting knob located just anterior to the supra-acetabular expansion and about the level of the anterior border of the acetabulum.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
tuber superior
dorsal protuberance
preacetabular expansion
amphibian_anatomy
ventral acetabular expansion
pars descendens ilei
Ventral portion of the ilial corpus, located anteroventral to the acetabulum.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
fossula tuberis superioris
amphibian_anatomy
Small depression dorsal to the proximal portion of the collum ilei and ventral to the ilial protuberance.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
collum ilei
amphibian_anatomy
Cyllindrical pillar that originates anterior to the acetabulum and extends to the ilial shaft.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
pars cylindriformis ilei
amphibian_anatomy
Elongate, cylindrical structure on the ventral side of the shaft of the ilium that extends through its entire length.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
crista ischii
amphibian_anatomy
Crest on the posterior side of the ischium, which may also extend to the posteroventral aspect of pubis.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
spina pelvis posterior
amphibian_anatomy
Small, rounded process on the anterodorsal margin of the ischium, just posterior to the area of articulation with the ilium.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
spina pelvis anterior
amphibian_anatomy
Small, rounded process on the anteroventral margin of the preacetabular expansion of the ilial corpus.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
intumescentia bilateralis inferior
amphibian_anatomy
Small protuberance on the ischium, located close to its posteroventral margin.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
intumescentia bilateralis superior
amphibian_anatomy
Small protuberance on the ischium, located at the level of the superior margin of the acetabulum and close to its posterior margin.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
incisura terminalis
amphibian_anatomy
Small indentation on the posterior margin of the ischium, ventral to the intumescentia bilateralis superior.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
crista hypertrophica
amphibian_anatomy
Large protuberance on the dorsal aspect of the ischium that extends from the ischio-ilium articulation to the spina pelvis posterior.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
lamina terminalis
amphibian_anatomy
In those cases in which the interilial region is broadly expanded and the pubis is extremely reduced, the anterior margin of the ischium forms an expanded area.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
interilial region
amphibian_anatomy
Area of convergence of the ilial shafts. When the preacetabular ilium is narrow, the interilial configuration is V-shaped or narrowly rounded, whereas when the interilial region is broadly expanded the interilial configuration is U-shaped.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
recessus coccygealis
amphibian_anatomy
Area dorsal to the pelvic girdle symphysis, between the dorsal portions of the ilial corpora, where lies the posterior terminus of the urostyle.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
epipubis
amphibian_anatomy
Small prepubic element formed by a plate of cartilage (which may calcify in the adult) that is synchondrotically united with the pubis.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
postpubis
amphibian_anatomy
Paired cartilaginous rods that lie within the copulatory organ (or so-called tail) and are attached to the posteroventral part of the pelvic girdle.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
Nobelian bone
ypsiloid cartilage
amphibian_anatomy
cartilago ypsiloides
cartilago ypsiloidea
cartilago marsupial
abdominal sternum
cartilago epipubes
Y-shaped cartilage lying in the middle line, anterior to the pubo-ischium with which it articulates. It lies dorsal to the rectus abdominis muscle with which it articulates.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
hind propodium
amphibian_anatomy
Segment of the hindleg corresponding to the humerus.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
hind digit
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003035
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003035
One of the toes of the pes.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
femur
amphibian_anatomy
Paired, elongate, cylindrical bones of endochondral origin that form the thighs, extending from the pelvic girdles to the knees.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
XAO:0003214
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003214
tibia
amphibian_anatomy
One of the two long bones of endochondral origin of the hind-epipodium; it is a straight, simple bone whose section is more or less rectangular at the ends and circular at its central portion.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
fibula
amphibian_anatomy
One of the two long bones of endochondral origin of the hind-epipodium; it is a rather more slender bone than the tibia but of about the same length.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
acetabular head
amphibian_anatomy
caput femoris
Proximal head of the femur, which articulates with the acetabulum.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
distal head
amphibian_anatomy
Head of the femur that articulates with the tibia and fibula.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
femoral ridge
amphibian_anatomy
crista femoris
Low crest that arises just behind the acetabular head and extends distally for about one-third the length of the femoral shaft.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
trochlear groove of femur
amphibian_anatomy
Canal on the posteroventral surface of the acetabular head, which articulates with the ischial process on the rim of the acetabulum.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
foveal depression
amphibian_anatomy
Ovoid roughened pit situated on the dorsal and anteroventral surface of the acetabular head wherein the ligaments attaching the bone to the acetabulum are inserted.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
femoral trochanter
amphibian_anatomy
Process on the ventral surface of the shaft of the femur.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
trochanteric crest
amphibian_anatomy
Paired ridges on the ventral surface of the femoral shaft that run toward the femoral trochanter; the posterior crest is less developed.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
tibial condyle
amphibian_anatomy
Convex articular facet of the distal head of the femur that articulates with the proximal head of the tibia.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
fibular condyle
amphibian_anatomy
Convex articular facet of the distal head of the femur that articulates with the proximal head of the fibula.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
radio-ulna
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003209
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003209
Paired, long bones of endochondral origin formed by the fusion of the radius and ulna.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
tibiofibula
amphibian_anatomy
Paired, endochondral bones formed by the fusion of the tibia and fibula. They form the shanks, extending from the knees to the ankles.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
XAO:0003213
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003213
os cruris
tibial crest
amphibian_anatomy
Ridge that arises from the dorso-masial side of the extensor surface of the tibia. It receives the insertion of the tendon of the extensor ilio-tibialis muscle.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
apophysis distalis of tibiofibula
amphibian_anatomy
Swelling on the extensor surface of the distal head of the tibiofibula.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
caput ossis cruris
amphibian_anatomy
Proximal head of the tibiofibula that articulates with the distal head of the femur.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
sulcus pro musculo extensori cruris brevis
amphibian_anatomy
Small canal on the proximal head of to the tibiofibula, lateral to the apophysis distalis, for the insertion of the cruris brevis muscle.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
eminentia arcuata
amphibian_anatomy
Small crest on the extensor surface of the proximal head of the tibiofibula (tibial side).
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
sulcus distalis ossis cruris
amphibian_anatomy
In a fused tibiofibula, longitudinal furrow in the distal portion of the compound bone that demarcates the area of fusion of both elements.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
sulcus proximalis ossis cruris
amphibian_anatomy
In a fused tibiofibula, longitudinal furrow in the proximal portion of the compound bone that demarcates the area of fusion of both elements.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
hind limb opening
amphibian_anatomy
foramen nutritium exterius
amphibian_anatomy
Foramen for the tibial artery and vein and the deep peroneal nerve; it pierces through the midpoint of the shaft of the tibiofibula.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
tibiale
amphibian_anatomy
calcaneus
One of two element that constitute the basal row of tarsals. The tibiale constitutes the postaxial element. In salamanders this element is aproximatelly rounded, whereas in anurans it is an elongate, cylindrical bone with the proximal and distal heads fused to the heads of the fibulare.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
fibulare
amphibian_anatomy
One of two element that constitute the basal row of tarsals. The fibulare constitutes the preaxial element. In salamanders this element is aproximatelly rounded, whereas in anurans it is an elongate, cylindrical bone with the proximal and distal heads fused to the heads of the tibiale.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
astragalus
distal tarsal
amphibian_anatomy
Series of elements that articulate with the metatarsals.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
spatium intertarsale
amphibian_anatomy
Separation of the tibiale and fibulare along their longitudinal axia.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
apophysis proximalis
amphibian_anatomy
Swelling on the extensor surface of the proximal compound head of the tibiale and fibulare.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
apophysis distalis of tibiale fibulare
amphibian_anatomy
Swelling on the extensor surface of the distal compound head of the tibiale and fibulare.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
tarsal 1
amphibian_anatomy
Small element that articulates with the prehallux, metatarsal I and element Y. It may be fused to tarsal 2.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
tarsal 2
amphibian_anatomy
Small element that articulates anteriorly with metatarsal II. It may be fused to tarsal 1 or to tarsal 3.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
tarsal 3
amphibian_anatomy
Small element that articulates anteriorly with metatarsal III. It may be fused to tarsal 2.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
element Y of hind mesopodium
amphibian_anatomy
Oval tarsal element that is located on the anteromedial side of the tibiale. Anteriorly, it articulates with the proximal prehallux, tarsals 1, 2, and 3.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
prehallux
amphibian_anatomy
One to three or four elements located ventral and medial to the metatarsal of digit I. When more than one elements are present, they are smaller than the proximal prehallux.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
intermedium (hind)
amphibian_anatomy
Small, wedge-shaped tarsal element of which the thiner edge projects between the tibia and fibula, thus separating the distal ends of this two bones. Distally, it articulates with the centrale, fibulare, and tibiale.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
centrale (hind)
amphibian_anatomy
Oval tarsal element that is located on the center of the mesopodium. It articulates with all other elements of the tarsus except tarsal 5.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
metatarsal I
amphibian_anatomy
Dumb-bell-shaped bone of endochondral origin with cartilaginous epiphyses that articulates with the prepollex and tarsal 1 proximally and with the proximal phalanx of digit I distally.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
metatarsal II
amphibian_anatomy
Dumb-bell-shaped bone of endochondral origin with cartilaginous epiphyses that articulates with tarsal 2 proximally and with the proximal phalanx of digit II distally.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
metatarsal III
amphibian_anatomy
Dumb-bell-shaped bone of endochondral origin with cartilaginous epiphyses that articulates with tarsal 3 proximally and with the proximal phalanx of digit III distally.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
metatarsal IV
amphibian_anatomy
Dumb-bell-shaped bone of endochondral origin with cartilaginous epiphyses that articulates with tarsal 4 or the distal head of the tibiale-fibulare proximally and with the proximal phalanx of digit IV distally.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
metatarsal V
amphibian_anatomy
Dumb-bell-shaped bone of endochondral origin with cartilaginous epiphyses that articulates with tarsal 5 or the distal head of the tibiale-fibulare proximally and with the proximal phalanx of digit V distally.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
phalanges of hind digit
amphibian_anatomy
Dumb-bell shaped bones of endochondral origin with cartilaginous epiphyses that make the five digits of the pes. The terminal phalanges are much smaller than the proximal and penultimate phalanges. The typical phalangeal formula of the pes, in a medial to lateral sequence, is 2(1)-2-3-4(3)-3(2).
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
intercalary element of hind digit
amphibian_anatomy
Small elements of endochondral origin present in all digits of the pes. Each intercalary element articulates with the anteroventral end of the penultimate phalanx proximally and the distal phalanx distally.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
tarsal 4
amphibian_anatomy
Small element that articulates anteriorly with metatarsal IV. It may be absent in some taxa.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
tarsal 5
amphibian_anatomy
Small element that articulates anteriorly with metatarsal V. It may be absent in some taxa.
AAO:Francis_1934
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Francis_1934
foramen perforans tarsi
amphibian_anatomy
Small opening between the centrale and fibulare that allows the perforans tarsi artery to pass from the ventral to the dorsal side of the ankle.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
scapular area
amphibian_anatomy
Dorso-lateral portion of the pectoral girdle.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
pars scapularis
scapula-suprascapula area
scapula et adscapulum
scapulum et episcapulum
zonal element
amphibian_anatomy
All those parts of the pectoral girdle in the central region of the zonal area.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
prezonal element
amphibian_anatomy
All those parts of the pectoral girdle that lie anterior to the zonal area.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
postzonal element
amphibian_anatomy
All those parts of the pectoral girdle that lies posterior to the zonal area.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
mesosternum
amphibian_anatomy
Proximal portion of the sternum, usually elaborated into a stylum that may be ossified.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
xiphisternum
amphibian_anatomy
Distal, cartilaginous portion of the sternum.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
metasternum
arciferal girdle
amphibian_anatomy
Pectoral girdle in which the epicoracoid cartilages are elaborated into posteriorly directed epicoracoid horns. Most arciferal pectoral girdles are characterized by fusion of the epicoracoid cartilages in the interclavicle region. Posterior to the clavicles, the epicoracoids usually are free and overlapping.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
firmisternal girdle
amphibian_anatomy
Pectoral girdle that lacks epicoracoid horns. The sternum is fused to the pectoral arch, and the epicoracoid cartilages of each half of the girdle are fused to one another. The midzonal length of the girdle is shorter than that of an arciferal girdle, but pre- and postzonal elements tend to be longer.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
pseudofirmisternal girdle
amphibian_anatomy
Modified arciferal pectoral girdle in which the fusion of the epicoracoid cartilages in the interclavicle region is extended posteriorly. Thus, the cartilages no longer overlap freely, and functionally a partially firmisternal condition is created.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
pseudoarciferal girdle
amphibian_anatomy
Modified firmisternal pectoral girdle in which the epicoracoid cartilages are partly free and overlapping; however, the epicoracoids are fused to one another and the sternum postermodially.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
inscriptional rib
amphibian_anatomy
abdominal ribs
Three pairs of cartilaginous elements posterior to the sternum that lie in the myosepta of the ventral trunk musculature.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
fore metapodium
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003208
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003208
Segment of the forearm corresponding to the metacarpus, which articulates with the carpals at one end and with the phalanges at the other end.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
phalanges of fore digit
amphibian_anatomy
Dumb-bell shaped bones of endochondral origin with cartilaginous epiphyses that make the four digits of the manus. The terminal phalanges are much smaller than the proximal and penultimate phalanges. The typical phalangeal formula of the manus, in a medial to lateral sequence, is 2-2-3-3.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
articular process
amphibian_anatomy
Paired processes located on the anterior end of the cricoid cartilage.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
processus articularis anterior
posterior ramus of cleithrum
amphibian_anatomy
Laminar subdivision of the cleithrum that extends along the ventral (lateral) midbody of the suprascapula.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
os triangulare
amphibian_anatomy
Small, broadly triangular bar of bone lying across the ventral side of the pharynx at the junction of the M. genio-hyoideus and the M. rectus cervicis superficialis.
AAO:Francis_1934
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Francis_1934
os triquetum
sternum
basi-branchial II
os thyroideum
urohyal
anterior radial
amphibian_anatomy
Paired, horn-like processes of basibranchial I that protrude in an antero-dorso-lateral direction, being more or less embedded in the tongue musculature. These elements contitute the hypohyals.
AAO:Francis_1934
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Francis_1934
posterior radial
amphibian_anatomy
Paired, horn-like processes of basibranchial I that protrude in an antero-dorso-lateral direction, being more or less embedded in the tongue musculature. They arise secondarily during metamorphosis, and are therefore not strictly part of the visceral skeleton.
AAO:Francis_1934
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Francis_1934
ceratobranchials II--IV
amphibian_anatomy
Paired bars that articulate with hypobranchial II. Reduction of loss of these elements is common in salamanders.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
epibranchials
hypobranchial I
amphibian_anatomy
Paired bar that articulates with basibranchial I. It forms the anterior portion of the posterior cornu of the hyoid.
AAO:Francis_1934
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Francis_1934
ceratobranchial I
amphibian_anatomy
epibranchial
Paired bar that articulates with, or is fused to, hypobranchial I. It forms the posterior portion of the posterior cornu of the hyoid.
AAO:Francis_1934
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Francis_1934
hypobranchial II
amphibian_anatomy
Paired bar that articulates anteriorly with basibranchial I and posteriorly with ceratobranchials II--IV.
AAO:Duellman_and_Trueb_1994
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_Duellman_and_Trueb_1994
basihyal
amphibian_anatomy
Paired, anterior element that articulates medially with basibranchial I and posterolaterally with the paired hypohyals.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
hypohyal
amphibian_anatomy
Paired element that articulates anterioly with the basihyal and posteriorly with the ceratohyal hypohyals.
AAO:LAP
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LAP
circulatory system
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0001010
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0001010
Anatomical system of ion binding, a pumping mechanism, and an efficient vascular system; consisting of the blood, heart, and blood and lymph vessels, respectively.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
buccal cavity
amphibian_anatomy
AAO:0010434
XAO:0000126
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000126
Anatomical cavity bounded anteriorly by the mouth and posteriorly by the derivatives of the branchial arches.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
oral cavity
external integument structures
amphibian_anatomy
Structures of the dermis, epidermis, glands and pigment cells recognizable on the external surfaces of the integument.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
axial skeleton
amphibian_anatomy
basale commune (carpal)
amphibian_anatomy
Amalgamation of distal carpals 1 and 2.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
angulosplenial
amphibian_anatomy
Dermal bone of anuran lower jaw investing lingual and ventral surfaces of Meckel's cartilage; forming coronoid process and articulating with palatoquadrate posteriorly.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
goniale
angular
pharynx
amphibian_anatomy
Anatomical cavity bounded by the derivatives of the branchial arches.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
XAO:0003227
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003227
larval skeletal system
amphibian_anatomy
cranial
amphibian_anatomy
head external integument structures
amphibian_anatomy
Dermal, epidermal, glandular and pigment structures of the external head integument.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
lateral line system
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000095
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000095
Sensory system which develops from a specialized series of dorsolateral ectodermal placodes named lateral line placodes.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
body external integument structures
amphibian_anatomy
Dermal, epidermal, glandular and pigment structures of the body integument.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
olfactory system
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003196
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003196
The sensory system used for olfaction (the sense of smell).
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
limb external integument structures
amphibian_anatomy
Dermal, epidermal, glandular and pigment structures of the limb integument.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
tail external integument structures
amphibian_anatomy
Dermal, epidermal, glandular and pigment structures of the tail integument.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
external naris
amphibian_anatomy
The external opening into the nasal cavity.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
vestibule
amphibian_anatomy
A tube leading from the external naris to the nasal cavity.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
ethmoid region
amphibian_anatomy
braincase
amphibian_anatomy
jaws
amphibian_anatomy
pectoral fold
amphibian_anatomy
dorsal folds
amphibian_anatomy
principal cavity
amphibian_anatomy
The largest part of the nasal cavity, containing the olfactory epithelium.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
otic and occipital
amphibian_anatomy
longitudinal dorsal folds
amphibian_anatomy
transversal dorsal folds
amphibian_anatomy
vomeronasal organ
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000272
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000272
suprarostral cartilage
amphibian_anatomy
Larval upper jaws articulate with trabecular horns.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
dorsal pouch
amphibian_anatomy
palatoquadrate and suspensorium
amphibian_anatomy
lateral line receptor organ
amphibian_anatomy
basale commune (tarsal)
amphibian_anatomy
Amalgamation of distal tarsals 1 and 2.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
cloacal fold
amphibian_anatomy
neuromast
AAO:0010822
amphibian_anatomy
Type of mechanoreceptive organ of the lateral line which are arranged in lines on the body surface. These organs are constituted by hair cells and supporting cells and it is located in the epidermis with its hair cells exposed to the surface. Absent in some caecilians. These receptors receive afferent and efferent innervations.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
dorsolateral fold
amphibian_anatomy
ampullary organ
amphibian_anatomy
An electroreceptor consisting of receptor cells sunk into the epidermis or located in an epidermal cavity opening to the surface through a duct and pore. It can detect weak electric currents generated by other animals.
ZipcodeZoo:ampullary_organ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/ZipcodeZoo#ZipcodeZoo_ampullary_organ
body granules
amphibian_anatomy
body warts
amphibian_anatomy
body spicules
amphibian_anatomy
body tubercles
amphibian_anatomy
amphibian anatomical entity
amphibian_anatomy
Biological entity that is either an individual member of a biological species or constitutes the structural organization of an individual member of a biological species.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
CARO:0000000
http://purl.org/obo/owl/CARO#CARO_0000000
muscular process
amphibian_anatomy
dorsal skin texture
amphibian_anatomy
pit organ
AAO:0010823
amphibian_anatomy
Mechanoreceptive organ of the lateral line, smaller than neuromasts, they are located on the surface of the epidermis. These receptors receive afferent and efferent innervation.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
anatomical group
amphibian_anatomy
Anatomical structure consisting of at least two non-overlapping organs, multi-tissue aggregates or portion of tissues or cells of different types that does not constitute an organism, organ, multi-tissue aggregate, or portion of tissue.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
CARO:0000054
http://purl.org/obo/owl/CARO#CARO_0000054
anatomical cluster
amphibian_anatomy
Anatomical group that has its parts adjacent to one another.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
CARO:0000041
http://purl.org/obo/owl/CARO#CARO_0000041
ventral skin texture
amphibian_anatomy
axillary glands
amphibian_anatomy
cell
amphibian_anatomy
Anatomical structure that has as its parts a maximally connected cell compartment surrounded by a plasma membrane.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
CARO:0000013
http://purl.org/obo/owl/CARO#CARO_0000013
larval chondrocranium
amphibian_anatomy
Cartilaginous larval skull.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
inguinal glands
amphibian_anatomy
compound organ
amphibian_anatomy
Anatomical structure that has as its parts two or more multi-tissue structures of at least two different types and which through specific morphogenetic processes forms a single distinct structural unit demarcated by bona fide boundaries from other distinct anatomical structures of different types.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
CARO:0000024
http://purl.org/obo/owl/CARO#CARO_0000024
cavitated compound organ
amphibian_anatomy
CARO:0000072
http://purl.org/obo/owl/CARO#CARO_0000072
Compound organ that contains one or more macroscopic anatomical spaces.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
compound organ component
amphibian_anatomy
Multi-tissue structure that is part of a compound organ.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
CARO:0000019
http://purl.org/obo/owl/CARO#CARO_0000019
M. glutaeus magnus
amphibian_anatomy
Originates from the superior process of the ilium and inserts on the aponeuronis of the M. cruralis.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
solid compound organ
amphibian_anatomy
CARO:0000074
http://purl.org/obo/owl/CARO#CARO_0000074
Compound organ that does not contain macroscopic anatomical spaces.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
extraembryonic structure
amphibian_anatomy
CARO:0000042
http://purl.org/obo/owl/CARO#CARO_0000042
Anatomical structure that is contiguous with the embryo and is comprised of portions of tissue or cells that will not contribute to the embryo.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
dorsal glands
amphibian_anatomy
M. tensor fasciae latae
amphibian_anatomy
Originates on the ventro-lateral aspect of the ala ossis ilei and the ventral surface of the iliacus externus. Inserts on the lateral surface of the cruralis, the dorso-lateral surface of the gluteus magnus, and on the aponeurosis of the cruralis.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
gut tube
amphibian_anatomy
multi-cellular organism
amphibian_anatomy
CARO:0000012
http://purl.org/obo/owl/CARO#CARO_0000012
XAO:0003004
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003004
Anatomical structure that is an individual member of a species and consists of more than one cell.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
M. sartorius
amphibian_anatomy
Originates on the ventral pelvic rim, the pubic region, and the ventral surface of the adductor longus. The insertion bifurcates distally; the ventral portion attaches to the aponeurosis of the cruralis and the dorsal part attaches to the distal attachment of the gracilis major, the semitendinosus, and to the aponeurosis of the cruralis.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
extrinsic
amphibian_anatomy
Muscles surrounding the eye (bulbus oculi) and having an effect on eye movements.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
gonochoristic organism
amphibian_anatomy
Multi-cellular organism that has male and female sexes.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
CARO:0000048
http://purl.org/obo/owl/CARO#CARO_0000048
female organism
amphibian_anatomy
Gonochoristic organism that can produce female gametes.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
XAO:0003005
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003005
ventral glands
amphibian_anatomy
M. semitendinosus
amphibian_anatomy
Originates by two tendons: one on the postero-ventral aspect of the pelvic rim, the other, a dorsal tendon from the postero-dorsal pelvic rim under the ventral edge of M. semimembranosus. Inserts on the ventral surface of the tibiofibula.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
male organism
amphibian_anatomy
Gonochoristic organism that can produce male gametes.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
XAO:0003006
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003006
M. adductor longus
amphibian_anatomy
Originates on the iliac portion of the ventral iliac rim and inserts on the lateral surface of the M. adductor magnus.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
hermaphroditic organism
amphibian_anatomy
Multi-cellular organism that can produce both male and female gametes.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
CARO:0000029
http://purl.org/obo/owl/CARO#CARO_0000029
M. pectineus
amphibian_anatomy
Originates on the lateral border of the ilium and the anterior margin of the pubis. It inserts on the ventral surface of the femoral shaft.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
sequential hermaphroditic organism
amphibian_anatomy
Hermaphroditic organism that produces gametes first of one sex, and then later of the other sex.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
intrinsic
amphibian_anatomy
Muscles within the eye (bulbus oculi).
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
protandrous hermaphroditic organism
amphibian_anatomy
Sequential hermaphroditic organism that produces gametes first of the male sex, and then later of the female sex.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
M. adductor magnus
amphibian_anatomy
Origin by two heads that are separated by a ventral tendon of the M. semitendinosus. One head originates from the ventral border of the pubic portion of the pelvic rim. The other head originates from the ischiatic border of the pelvic rim. The ventral head fuses with accessory head from the M. semitendinosus and inserts along the ventro-medial border of the femur. The dorsal belly merges with the ventral and accessory heads and inserts along the medial surface of the femur.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
protogynous hermaphroditic organism
amphibian_anatomy
Sequential hermaphroditic organism that produces gametes first of the female sex, and then later of the male sex.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
M. obturator externus
amphibian_anatomy
Originates on the ventro-lateral pelvic rim and inserts on the ventral aspect of the femur, medial to the insertion of the pectineus.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
dorsal crest
amphibian_anatomy
centrale 1
amphibian_anatomy
Distal-most centrale when two are present.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
synchronous hermaphroditic organism
amphibian_anatomy
Hermaphroditic organism that produces both male and female gametes at the same time.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
M. quadratus femoris
amphibian_anatomy
Originates on the ventro-lateral border of the ischium and inserts on the ventro-medial surface of the femur at the base of caput femoris.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
multi-tissue structure
amphibian_anatomy
Anatomical structure that has as its parts two or more portions of tissue of at least two different types and which through specific morphogenetic processes forms a single distinct structural unit demarcated by bona-fide boundaries from other distinct structural units of different types.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
CARO:0000055
http://purl.org/obo/owl/CARO#CARO_0000055
M. gemellus
amphibian_anatomy
Originates from the dorso-lateral margin of the ischium and inserts on the medial surface of the femur.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
simple organ
amphibian_anatomy
Multi-tissue structure that is not part of a compound organ.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
CARO:0000021
http://purl.org/obo/owl/CARO#CARO_0000021
M. obturator internus
amphibian_anatomy
Originates on the entire lateral surface of the pelvic rim. Dorsal fibers insert distally to the dorso-medial surface of the caput femoris and ventral fibers extend around the acetabulum to insert on the tendon of the caput femoris.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
organism subdivision
amphibian_anatomy
Anatomical structure which is a primary subdivision of whole organism. The mereological sum of these is the whole organism.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
CARO:0000032
http://purl.org/obo/owl/CARO#CARO_0000032
portion of tissue
amphibian_anatomy
CARO:0000043
http://purl.org/obo/owl/CARO#CARO_0000043
Anatomical structure, that consists of similar cells and intercellular matrix, aggregated according to genetically determined spatial relationships.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
epithelium
amphibian_anatomy
CARO:0000066
http://purl.org/obo/owl/CARO#CARO_0000066
Portion of tissue, that consists of one or more layers of epithelial cells connected to each other by cell junctions and which is underlain by a basal lamina.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
dermal scales
amphibian_anatomy
atypical epithelium
amphibian_anatomy
Epithelium that consists of epithelial cells not arranged in one ore more layers.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
annuli
amphibian_anatomy
multilaminar epithelium
amphibian_anatomy
Epithelium that consists of more than one layer of epithelial cells.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
centrale (fore)
amphibian_anatomy
Rectangular cartilage or bone between the distal basal commune and the proximal intermedium.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
anterior quadratocranial commissure
amphibian_anatomy
Cartilage that bridges palatoquadrate to ethmoid region.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
unilaminar epithelium
amphibian_anatomy
Epithelium that consists of a single layer of epithelial cells.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
simple columnar epithelium
amphibian_anatomy
Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of columnar cells.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
simple cuboidal epithelium
amphibian_anatomy
Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of cuboidal cells.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
M. gracilis major
amphibian_anatomy
Originates by a broad tendon from the postero-ventral surface of the pelvic rim and inserts by two tendons. One broad tendon inserts on the knee aponeurosis, and in part on the ventro-medial surface of the tibiofibula. The other long tendon inserts on the posterior surface of the tibiofibula just below the proximal head.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
simple squamous epithelium
amphibian_anatomy
Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of squamous cells.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
M. gracilis minor
amphibian_anatomy
Originates from the pelvic rim just ventral to the anus and merges with M. gracilis major. M. gracilis minor also attaches to the skin.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
M. semimembranosus
amphibian_anatomy
Originates on the ventro-lateral surface of the ischium below the anus and inserts on the ventro-medial aspect of the femur and the head of the tibiofibula by a stout tendon, which is formed by the ventral origin of the plantaris longus.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
intermedium (fore)
amphibian_anatomy
Quadrangular cartilage or bone lying between the preaxial radiale and the postaxial ulnare in the proximal level of the mesopodium.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
M. ileo-fibularis
amphibian_anatomy
Originates from the ventral border of the ala ossis ilei just posterior to the origin of M. glutaeus maximus. Insterts in the aponeurosis covering the knee joint.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
cranial crest
amphibian_anatomy
M. pyriformis
amphibian_anatomy
Originates on the dorso-lateral border of the distal urostyle and inserts on the dorsal surface of the crista femoris. This muscle inserts between the M. ilio-fibularis/M. glutaeus magnus and M. semimembranosus.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
centrale 2
amphibian_anatomy
The proximal-most rectangular cartilage or bone when two centralelia are present.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
M. ileo-femoralis
amphibian_anatomy
Originates from the postero-ventral surface of the ala ossis ilei and from the insertion tendon of M. ileo-fibularis. Inserts along the dorso-medial border of the femur.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
tympanic fold
amphibian_anatomy
M. iliacus internus
amphibian_anatomy
Muscle originates on the ventral border of the ala ossis ilei to insert on the dorso-medial surface of the femur.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
lateral line nerve
AAO:0010702
amphibian_anatomy
Any of the sensory nerves that innervate mechano- and electroreceptors of the lateral line system. The lateral line nerves may be separated in two components, anterior and posterior, in relation to the position of its roots with respect to the otic capsule. These nerves develop from lateral line placodes.
AAO:SIQ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_SIQ
M. iliacus externus
amphibian_anatomy
Originates on the ventral and lateral surfaces of the ala ossis ilei and inserts on the postero-dorsal face of the caput femoris.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
upper eyelid protuberances
amphibian_anatomy
snout protuberances
amphibian_anatomy
interorbital fold
amphibian_anatomy
M. pulmonum proprius
amphibian_anatomy
Originates along the connective tissue covering the dorsal surface of the lung and inserts on the dorsal surface of the femur. Muscle found only in Pipa.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
M. tibialis posticus
amphibian_anatomy
Originates on the entire medial surface of the shaft of the tibiofibula. Inserts on the tibiale by a long tendon proximo-lateral to the insertion of the medial belly of M. tibialis anticus longus.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
postrictal protuberances
amphibian_anatomy
pterygoid process
amphibian_anatomy
Process that projects from posterior margin of commissure into subocular space.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
M. tibialis anticus longus
amphibian_anatomy
Originates on the ventro-lateral surface of the medial condyle of the femur. Its tendon extends in a groove over the knee in the lateral surface of the tibiofibular head, and penetrates the M. peroneus tendon. Insertion is by a lateral and medial head on the dorso-lateral surface of the fibulare and the medial border of the proximal end of the tibiale respectively.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
01 olfactory nerve
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000426
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000426
Nerve that carries information from the olfactory epithelium through the olfactory bulb to the olfactory cortex of the telencephalon.
AAO:DSM
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_DSM
cranial nerve I
M. extensor cruris brevis
amphibian_anatomy
Originates by a slender tendon from the ventral surface of the medial condyle of the femur and passes over the knee to insert as a fleshy belly on the ventro-lateral surface of the tibiofibula.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
M. tibialis anticus brevis
amphibian_anatomy
Originates from the dorso-lateral surface of the tibiofibula and inserts on the proximo-medial surface of the tibiale dorsal to the medial head of M. tibialis anticus longus.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
upper lip protuberances
amphibian_anatomy
basitrabecular process
amphibian_anatomy
A process of the otic capsule that will bridge to the palatoquadrate basal process.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
villosities
amphibian_anatomy
quadratoethmoid process
amphibian_anatomy
Process that projects from anterior margin of commissure as site of attachment for quadratoethmoid ligament.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
parotid glands
amphibian_anatomy
vocal sac
amphibian_anatomy
M. tarsalis posticus
amphibian_anatomy
Originates on the medial border of the ligamentum calcanei and inserts along the ventral surface of the tibiale.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
M. plantaris profundus
amphibian_anatomy
Originates on the medial half of the ligamentum calcanei and inserts along the dorsal surface of the aponeurosis plantaris and extends to the level of the base of the prehallux.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
musculus rectus superior
amphibian_anatomy
Cranial nerve III innervated; dorsal in the rectus group.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
mental glands
amphibian_anatomy
musculus rectus inferior
amphibian_anatomy
Cranial nerve III innervated; ventral in the rectus group.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
vocal sac glands
amphibian_anatomy
pectoral glands
amphibian_anatomy
anterodorsal lateral line nerve (ADLLN)
amphibian_anatomy
Sensory nerve of the anterior lateral line component. It develops from the preotic anterodorsal placode. ADLLN branches into two rami innervating orbital lines of neuromasts.
AAO:SIQ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_SIQ
tympanic papilla
amphibian_anatomy
musculus rectus lateralis
amphibian_anatomy
Cranial nerve VI innervated; lateral in the rectus group.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
anteroventral lateral line nerve (AVLLN)
amphibian_anatomy
Sensory nerve of the anterior lateral line component. It develops from preotic anteroventral placode. AVLLN innervates lower jaw lines of neuromasts.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
anatomical space
amphibian_anatomy
CARO:0000005
http://purl.org/obo/owl/CARO#CARO_0000005
Non-material anatomical entity of three dimensions, that is generated by morphogenetic or other physiologic processes; is surrounded by one or more anatomical structures; contains one or more organism substances or anatomical structures.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
liver
amphibian_anatomy
Organ which secretes bile and participates in formation of certain blood proteins.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
XAO:0000133
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000133
pancreas
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000136
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000136
Organ which secretes a fluid containing enzymes that aid in the digestion of food.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
musculus rectus medialis
amphibian_anatomy
Cranial nerve III innervated; medial in the rectus group.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
gall bladder
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000135
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000135
Organ attached to the liver which stores bile and empties into the duodenum via the bile duct as needed for digestion.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
posterior lateral line nerve (PLLN)
amphibian_anatomy
Sensory nerve of the posterior lateral line component. It develops from de postotic posterior placode. PLLN innervates the trunk lines of neuromasts.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
lower eyelid texture
amphibian_anatomy
musculus obliquus inferior
amphibian_anatomy
Cranial nerve III innverated; ventral in the obliquus group.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
quadrato-orbital commissure
amphibian_anatomy
Cartilage that bridges palatoquadrate muscular process to dorsal orbitonasal plate.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
musculus obliquus superior
amphibian_anatomy
Cranial nerve IV innervated; dorsal in the obliquus group.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
hand webbing
amphibian_anatomy
foot webbing
amphibian_anatomy
musculus retractor bulbi
amphibian_anatomy
Cranial nerve VI innervated; ventral and posterior to the eye.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
finger fringes
amphibian_anatomy
toe fringes
amphibian_anatomy
musculus levator bulbi
amphibian_anatomy
Cranial nerve V innervated; ventral to the eye.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
middle lateral line nerve (MLLN)
amphibian_anatomy
Sensory nerve of the posterior lateral line component. It develops from the postotic middle placode. MLLN innervates neuromasts located over the otic capsule and the suprabranchial line of neuromasts.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
fringe on postaxial edge of Finger IV
Kok & Castroviejo-Fisher (2008) Zootaxa.
amphibian_anatomy
taeniae tecti marginalis
amphibian_anatomy
Compose lateral rim of frontoparietal fenestra, ventrally confluent with orbital cartilages, posteriorly confluent with tectum synoticum.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
tectum synoticum
amphibian_anatomy
Roof between frontoparietal foramen and otic capsules, confluent with taenia tecti marginales.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
taenia tecti transversalis
amphibian_anatomy
Partitions frontoparietal fenestra into anterior and posterior regions.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
orbital cartilages
amphibian_anatomy
Forms lateral walls of braincase, confluent posteriorly with otic capsules via taenia tecti marginalis and anteriorly with lamina orbitonasalis via sphenethmoid commissure.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
taenia tecti medialis
amphibian_anatomy
Medial divide of posterior frontoparietal fenestra.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
ethmoid plate
amphibian_anatomy
Anterior wall of the braincase.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
nasal septum
amphibian_anatomy
septum nasale
Medial vertical wall between nasal capsules.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
M. cruralis
amphibian_anatomy
Originates from the anterior surface of the hip joint capsule between the iliacus internus and the pectineus. Inserts by an aponeurosis attaching to the condyles of the femur and on the head of the cruris. This continues over the cruris to cover the tibialis anticus longus and peroneus to insert on the dorsal surface of those muscles.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
trabecular plate
amphibian_anatomy
Ventral plate anterior to and confluent with ethmoid plate.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
trabecular horns
amphibian_anatomy
Anterior extensions.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
trachea
amphibian_anatomy
An elongated tube which carries air to and from the lungs.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
XAO:0000118
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000118
Mullerian duct
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000330
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000330
Transient developmental organ which gives rise to oviducts in female (documented to persist in some male frogs).
AAO:RED
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_RED
occipital arch
amphibian_anatomy
Posterior chondrocranium forming ventral and lateral margins of foramen magnum, medial to otic capsules.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
otic capsule
amphibian_anatomy
AAO:0010833
Skeletal elements surrounding the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear. Sensory capsules anterolateral to and confluent with occipital arch.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
odontoids
amphibian_anatomy
Toothlike processes found on the mandible of some anurans; can be formed by dentary or dentary + mentomeckelian bones; odontoids lack enamel and dentine present in true teeth.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
operculum
amphibian_anatomy
Plate of cartilage occluding fenestra ovalis.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
lacrimal
amphibian_anatomy
Investing bone associated with nasolacrimal duct and lying between pars facialis of maxilla and prefrontal and sometimes nasal.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
ectethmoid
forebrain
amphibian_anatomy
Most anterior of the three regions of the brain consisting of the telencephalon and diencephalon.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
XAO:0000011
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000011
midbrain
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000014
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000014
Middle part of the brain composed of the optic tectum and penducular region.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
mesencephalon
hindbrain
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000015
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000015
Posterior part of the brain consisting of the cerebellum and medulla oblongata.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
spinal cord
amphibian_anatomy
Part of the central nervous system which descends from the hindbrain within the vertebral column.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
XAO:0000020
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000020
neurocranium
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003170
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003170
dermatocranium
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003169
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003169
Anatomical cluster that is part of the cranium which consists of dermally derived bones.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
middle cavity
amphibian_anatomy
splanchnocranium
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003176
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003176
Anatomical cluster that is part of the cranium and consists of the jaws, hyoid, and branchial arches.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
olfactory epithelium
amphibian_anatomy
AAO:0010611
Sensory lining of the medial wall, roof and anterior aspects of the main olfactory cavity (cavum principale).
AAO:DSM
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_DSM
olfactory receptor cell
amphibian_anatomy
supporting cell
amphibian_anatomy
basal cell
amphibian_anatomy
Bowman's gland
amphibian_anatomy
Multicellular mucous glands of the olfactory epithelium, present only in adults.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
metacarpal fold
Kok & Castroviejo-Fisher (2008) Zootaxa.
amphibian_anatomy
ulnar fold
Kok & Castroviejo-Fisher (2008) Zootaxa.
amphibian_anatomy
olfactory bulb
amphibian_anatomy
Part of the telencephalon comprised of anterior outgrowths of either of the cerebral hemispheres in which the olfactory nerve exits.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
fringe on postaxial edge of Toe V
Kok & Castroviejo-Fisher (2008) Zootaxa.
amphibian_anatomy
metatarsal fold
Kok & Castroviejo-Fisher (2008) Zootaxa.
amphibian_anatomy
tarsal fringe
Kok & Castroviejo-Fisher (2008) Zootaxa.
amphibian_anatomy
chondrocranium
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003059
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003059
Anatomical cluster that is part of the cranium and composed of cartilage and cartilage replacement bones.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
ungual flap
amphibian_anatomy
gill
amphibian_anatomy
Anatomical structure consisting of a series of membranes which allow dissolved oxygen from the water to pass into the bloodstream and carbon dioxide to pass out of the bloodstream.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
subarticular tubercles
amphibian_anatomy
supernumerary tubercles
amphibian_anatomy
external gill
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000120
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000120
circumferential groove
amphibian_anatomy
internal gill
amphibian_anatomy
nuptial pads
amphibian_anatomy
finger glands
amphibian_anatomy
web glands
amphibian_anatomy
olfactory organ
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000273
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000273
humeral glands
amphibian_anatomy
tibial glands
amphibian_anatomy
femoral glands
amphibian_anatomy
inner metatarsal tubercle
amphibian_anatomy
skull
amphibian_anatomy
outer metatarsal tubercle
amphibian_anatomy
inner metacarpal tubercle
amphibian_anatomy
thenar tubercle
outer metacarpal tubercle
amphibian_anatomy
palmar tubercle
ulnar protuberances
amphibian_anatomy
tibial protuberances
amphibian_anatomy
calcar anterior
amphibian_anatomy
calcar posterior
amphibian_anatomy
prepollical protuberances
amphibian_anatomy
mediale
amphibian_anatomy
A recurrent variant of salamanders; a rhomboidal cartilage lying immediately postaxial from the centrale or centrale 1.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
lateral appendix
amphibian_anatomy
A small lateral diverticulum of the nasal cavity found in anuran larvae.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
lateral recess
amphibian_anatomy
A part of the inferior cavity of the olfactory organ, found in anurans.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
occipital region
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003173
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003173
An anatomical cluster that is located in the posterior region of the neurocranium and forms the margin of the foramen margin and occipital condyles.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
cutaneous vasculature
amphibian_anatomy
Blood vessels in skin.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
dorsal tail tubercle
amphibian_anatomy
tail base gland
amphibian_anatomy
dorsal tail fin
amphibian_anatomy
ventral tail fin
amphibian_anatomy
postminimus
amphibian_anatomy
A rounded cartilage lying in the postaxial margin of the mesopodium, adjacent to distal tarsal 5 and the distal end of the fibulare.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
olfactory region
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003172
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003172
Anatomical cluster that is located in the anterior region of the neurocranium and provides structural support for the olfactory organs.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
sphenoid region
amphibian_anatomy
Anatomical cluster that forms the floor and sidewalls of the middle part of the neurocranium.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
XAO:0003174
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003174
otic region
amphibian_anatomy
Anatomical cluster that is a posterolateral part of the neurocranium and structurally supports the vestibuloauditory system.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
XAO:0003175
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003175
keratinous claw
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003103
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003103
heart
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000064
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000064
Part of the circulatory system responsible for pumping blood; composed of three chambers--two atria and one ventricle.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
artery
amphibian_anatomy
Part of the circulatory system composed of blood vessels which carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the rest of the body.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
XAO:0000114
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000114
vein
amphibian_anatomy
Part of the circulatory system composed of blood vessels which carry blood from other organs, tissues, and cells to the heart.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
XAO:0000115
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000115
aorta
amphibian_anatomy
The main artery of the circulatory system which carries oxygenated blood from the heart to all the arteries of the body except those of the lungs.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
XAO:0003010
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003010
hepatic portal vein
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000392
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000392
vena cava
amphibian_anatomy
hepatic vein
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000387
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000387
carotid
amphibian_anatomy
Either of two arteries which carry blood to the head.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
external carotid
amphibian_anatomy
An artery which supplies blood to the muscles of the tongue and floor of the mouth via four major branches.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
internal carotid
amphibian_anatomy
An artery which supplies the upper jaw and cranium.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
orbital region
amphibian_anatomy
An anatomical cluster that is part of the cranium and structurally supports the eye.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
XAO:0003171
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003171
pulmonary artery
amphibian_anatomy
Major artery which supplies blood to the lungs.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
femoral artery
amphibian_anatomy
Artery which supplies blood via branches to the hindlimbs.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
renal artery
amphibian_anatomy
Artery which supplies blood via branches to the gonads, oviducts, and kidneys.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
vertebral
amphibian_anatomy
hepatic-portal system
amphibian_anatomy
Part of the circulatory system which includes the ventral abdominal vein, pelvic veins, and portal vein and collects blood from the pelvic region, liver, gall bladder and stomach.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
postiliac glands
amphibian_anatomy
costal protuberances
amphibian_anatomy
costal grooves
amphibian_anatomy
costal folds
amphibian_anatomy
subclavian artery
amphibian_anatomy
Artery which supplies blood via branches to the various muscles of the shoulder region and to the forelimb.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
nuchal groove
amphibian_anatomy
internal jugular vein
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000382
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000382
Vein which receives many veins draining the palate, brain, and the orbital, nasal, and auditory regions.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
femoral vein
amphibian_anatomy
Either of the primary veins in the hindlimbs which collect blood from the hindlimb region.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
gular fold
amphibian_anatomy
subocular groove
amphibian_anatomy
Nobleian rods
amphibian_anatomy
Rods that support the intromittent organ of male Ascaphus.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
labial fold
amphibian_anatomy
nasolabial groove
amphibian_anatomy
ventricular musculature
amphibian_anatomy
smooth muscle
amphibian_anatomy
AAO:0010761
Involuntary muscle tissue consisting of uninucleate spindle-shaped fibers.
AAO:CAM
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_CAM
XAO:0000175
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000175
cardiac muscle
amphibian_anatomy
atrium
amphibian_anatomy
One of two chambers of the heart which receive blood from the veins and forces it by muscular contration to the ventricle.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
left atrium
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003191
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003191
right atrium
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003192
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003192
ventricle
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003193
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003193
A chamber of the heart that receives blood from one or more atria and pumps it by muscular contraction into the arteries.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
conus arteriosus
amphibian_anatomy
Receives blood from the left atrium and becomes the median truncus arteriosus.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
spiral valve
amphibian_anatomy
capillary
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000116
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000116
Any of the tiny blood vessels connecting the arterioles to the venules.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
arteriole
amphibian_anatomy
Small, terminal branch of an artery which generally connects to capillaries.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
ureter
amphibian_anatomy
Wolffian duct
XAO:0000144
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000144
Anatomical structure consisting of long narrow duct which carries urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
intromittent organ
amphibian_anatomy
spermatocyte
AAO:0010302
amphibian_anatomy
urinary system
amphibian_anatomy
An anatomical system which consists of organs and tissues which produce, store, and excrete urine.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
XAO:0000143
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000143
reproductive system
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000142
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000142
Anatomical system which consists of organs and tissues associated with sexual reproduction of the organism.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
genital system
phallodeum
amphibian_anatomy
intromittent organ (Ascaphus type)
amphibian_anatomy
eminentia capitata
amphibian_anatomy
capitulum
amphibian_anatomy
material anatomical entity
amphibian_anatomy
CARO:0000006
http://purl.org/obo/owl/CARO#CARO_0000006
Anatomical entity that has mass.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
immaterial anatomical entity
amphibian_anatomy
Anatomical entity that has no mass.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
CARO:0000007
http://purl.org/obo/owl/CARO#CARO_0000007
anatomical point
amphibian_anatomy
Non-material anatomical entity of zero dimension, which forms a boundary of an anatomical line or surface.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
CARO:0000009
http://purl.org/obo/owl/CARO#CARO_0000009
anatomical line
amphibian_anatomy
CARO:0000008
http://purl.org/obo/owl/CARO#CARO_0000008
Non-material anatomical entity of one dimension, which forms a boundary of an anatomical surface or is a modulation of an anatomical surface.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
acellular anatomical structure
amphibian_anatomy
Anatomical structure that consists of cell parts and cell substances and together does not constitute a cell or tissue.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
CARO:0000040
http://purl.org/obo/owl/CARO#CARO_0000040
basal lamina
amphibian_anatomy
CARO:0000065
http://purl.org/obo/owl/CARO#CARO_0000065
Acellular anatomical structure that consists of a thin sheet of fibrous proteins that underlie and support the cells of an epithelium. It separates the cells of an epithelium from any underlying tissue.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
anatomical surface
amphibian_anatomy
Non-material anatomical entity of two dimensions, that is demarcated by anatomical lines or points on the external or internal surfaces of anatomical structures.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
CARO:0000010
http://purl.org/obo/owl/CARO#CARO_0000010
cell component
amphibian_anatomy
CARO:0000014
http://purl.org/obo/owl/CARO#CARO_0000014
Anatomical structure that is a direct part of the cell.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
asexual organism
amphibian_anatomy
Multi-cellular organism that does not produce gametes.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
CARO:0000030
http://purl.org/obo/owl/CARO#CARO_0000030
cell space
amphibian_anatomy
Anatomical space that is part of a cell.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
CARO:0000062
http://purl.org/obo/owl/CARO#CARO_0000062
epithelial cell
amphibian_anatomy
Cell which has as its part a cytoskeleton that allows for tight cell to cell contact and which has apical-basal cell polarity.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
single cell organism
amphibian_anatomy
Cell that is an individual member of a species.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
groove
amphibian_anatomy
tip
amphibian_anatomy
Anatomical point that is the apex of a projection or anything long and tapered; can be bony or cartilage.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
process
amphibian_anatomy
Anatomical structure that is a natural outgrowth, projection, or appendage. A process can be part of a bone, cartilage, or tissue.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
endocrine system
amphibian_anatomy
Anatomical system containing glands which regulates bodily functions though the secretion of hormones.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
XAO:0000158
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000158
M. extensor carpi ulnaris
amphibian_anatomy
Muscle of the forearm: It shares a common origin with two other muscles of the forearm. It arises from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus by two tendons: the first one is in common with the m. extensor digitorum communis longus, and the second one is broad and in common with the m. epicondylocubitalis. It is pinnately attached to the dorsal surface of the distal carpal 5-4-3.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
animal blastomere
amphibian_anatomy
Pigmented, smaller blastomere of the animal (upper) hemisphere of the cleaving embryo.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
vegetal blastomere
amphibian_anatomy
Unpigmented, larger blastomere of the vegetal (lower) hemisphere of the cleaving embryo.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
bottle cell
amphibian_anatomy
Cell type that is first to migrate inwards at the blastopore during gastrulation.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
chondrocyte
amphibian_anatomy
Polymorphic cell type that forms cartilage.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
ciliated cell
amphibian_anatomy
fibroblast
amphibian_anatomy
A connective tissue cell that secretes an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
follicle cell
amphibian_anatomy
germ line cell
amphibian_anatomy
gamete
amphibian_anatomy
germ cell
amphibian_anatomy
primordial germ cell
amphibian_anatomy
egg
amphibian_anatomy
spermatozoon
amphibian_anatomy
oocyte
amphibian_anatomy
primary oogonium
amphibian_anatomy
primary spermatogonium
amphibian_anatomy
secondary oogonium
amphibian_anatomy
secondary spermatogonium
amphibian_anatomy
spermatid
amphibian_anatomy
fasciculated network of fibrils
amphibian_anatomy
germinal vesicle
amphibian_anatomy
mitochondrial aggregate
amphibian_anatomy
polar body
amphibian_anatomy
lymphocyte
amphibian_anatomy
A cell of the B cell, T cell, or natural killer cell lineage.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
B cell
amphibian_anatomy
A lymphocyte of B lineage with the phenotype CD19-positive and surface immunoglobulin-positive.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
natural killer cell
amphibian_anatomy
A lymphocyte that can spontaneously kill a variety of target cells without prior antigenic activation via germline encoded activation receptors and also regulate immune responses via cytokine release and direct contact with other cells.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
T cell
amphibian_anatomy
A type of lymphocyte whose defining characteristic is the expression of a T cell receptor complex.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
thymocyte
amphibian_anatomy
An immature T cell located in the thymus.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
myoblast
amphibian_anatomy
Embryonic (precursor) cell of the myogenic lineage that develops from the mesoderm.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
abdominal myoblast
amphibian_anatomy
neuron
amphibian_anatomy
Cell that is the basic unit of nervous tissue, each consisting of a body, an axon, and dendrites, and the purpose of which is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the nervous system.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
Rohon-Beard neuron
amphibian_anatomy
pigment cell
amphibian_anatomy
chromatophore
Cell type that contains a deposition of coloring matter.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
iridophore
amphibian_anatomy
A pigment cell derived from the neural crest. The cell contains flat light-reflecting platelets, probably of guanine, in stacks called reflecting platets or iridisomes. The color-generating components produce a silver, gold, or iridescent color.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
melanocyte
amphibian_anatomy
melonophore
A pigment cell derived from the neural crest. Contains melanin-filled pigment granules, which gives a brown to black appearance.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
xanthophore
amphibian_anatomy
A pigment cell derived from the neural crest. Contains cartenoid pigments in structures called pterinosomes or xanthosomes. This gives an appearance ranging from a golden yellow to orange and red.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
podocyte
amphibian_anatomy
Cell type that is a component of the glomus.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
stem cell
amphibian_anatomy
A relatively undifferentiated cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
hematopoietic stem cell
amphibian_anatomy
A stem cell from which all cells of the lymphoid and myeloid lineages develop, including blood cells and cells of the immune system.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
zygote
amphibian_anatomy
Diploid cell produced by the fusion of sperm cell nucleus and egg cell.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
animal hemisphere
amphibian_anatomy
blastocoel anlage
amphibian_anatomy
cortex
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000216
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000216
equatorial belt
amphibian_anatomy
perivitelline space
amphibian_anatomy
sperm entry point
amphibian_anatomy
vegetal hemisphere
amphibian_anatomy
vitelline membrane
AAO:0010662
amphibian_anatomy
Thin membrane enclosing and immediately adjacent to the ovum. Produced in the ovary.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
XAO:0000030
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000030
germ plasm
amphibian_anatomy
vegetal yolk mass
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000281
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000281
head
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003024
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003024
Organism subdivision that is the part of the body consisting of the cranial and pharyngeal regions.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
limb
amphibian_anatomy
Organism subdivision that has as its parts the jointed appendages used for locomotion and manipulation.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
XAO:0003027
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003027
surface structure
amphibian_anatomy
Organism subdivision that is the collection of anatomical structures on the body surface.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
XAO:0003028
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003028
tail
amphibian_anatomy
Anatomical structure that is the terminal, flexible posterior appendage of the organism.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
XAO:0003026
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003026
trunk
amphibian_anatomy
Organism subdivision that is the part of the body posterior to the head and anterior to the tail.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
XAO:0003025
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003025
eye
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000179
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000179
ciliary body
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000186
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000186
ciliary marginal zone
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000086
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000086
conjunctiva
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000182
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000182
cornea
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000180
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000180
02 optic nerve
amphibian_anatomy
AAO:0010467
XAO:0000188
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000188
opticus nerve
Fibrous, somatic sensory element covered by a fibrous connective-tissue sheath and is continuous with the layer of nerve cells on the inner surface of the eye.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
cranial nerve II
globe
amphibian_anatomy
iris
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000185
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000185
lens
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000008
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000008
lower eyelid
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000007
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000007
pigment layer
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000261
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000261
pupil
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000283
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000283
retina
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000009
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000009
retinal layer
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000266
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000266
sclera
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000183
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000183
mouth
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003029
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003029
Cavity in which food is initially ingested and generally contains teeth, tongue and glands.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
oral epithelium
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003201
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003201
nostril
Merge with apertura nasalis externa.
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003033
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003033
pharyngeal arch
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000096
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000096
tongue
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000446
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000446
branchial arch
amphibian_anatomy
AAO:0010588
XAO:0000099
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000099
Posterior-most stream of cranial neural crest, which sub-divides during migration.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
hyoid arch
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000098
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000098
mandibular arch
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000097
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000097
branchial arch 1
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000447
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000447
branchial arch 2
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000449
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000449
branchial arch 3
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000451
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000451
branchial arch 4
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000453
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000453
branchial arch skeleton
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003180
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003180
hyoid arch skeleton
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003177
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003177
dorsal hyoid arch skeleton
amphibian_anatomy
ventral hyoid arch skeleton
amphibian_anatomy
cement gland
amphibian_anatomy
A simple mucus-secreting structure that is positioned at the front of the embryo, attaches the newly hatched embryo to a support before the hatchling can swim well or feed, and marks the anterior-most dorsal ectoderm.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
XAO:0000033
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000033
fin
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000002
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000002
limb bud
amphibian_anatomy
AAO:0010753
Early outgrowth of presumptive limb.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
XAO:0003161
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003161
unicellular gland
amphibian_anatomy
dorsal fin
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000469
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000469
inner fin
amphibian_anatomy
outer fin
amphibian_anatomy
forelimb bud
amphibian_anatomy
AAO:0010756
XAO:0003065
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003065
hind limb bud
amphibian_anatomy
AAO:0010755
XAO:0003066
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003066
tail somite
amphibian_anatomy
mesonephric kidney
amphibian_anatomy
Organ that is the definitive adult kidney. It replaces the earlier pronephros, which degenerates as the mesonephros becomes functional in feeding stage tadpoles.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
XAO:0000141
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000141
trunk somite
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000314
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000314
viscus
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003034
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003034
mesonephric nephron
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000292
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000292
glomerulus
AAO:0010527
amphibian_anatomy
A tuft of capillaries found in a Bowman's capsule in which waste products are filtered from the blood and urine formation is initiated.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
XAO:0000146
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000146
mesonephric tubule
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000148
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000148
mesonephric collecting duct
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000151
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000151
mesonephric early distal tubule
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000333
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000333
mesonephric early proximal tubule
amphibian_anatomy
mesonephric late distal segment
amphibian_anatomy
mesonephric late proximal tubule
amphibian_anatomy
spleen
AAO:0010607
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000328
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000328
An organ involved in red blood cell filtration and immune response.
AAO:BMZ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BMZ
large intestine
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000131
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000131
small intestine
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000130
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000130
follicle layer
amphibian_anatomy
seminiferous tubule
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003088
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003088
Any of the coiled tubules located in the testes in which spermatozoa are produced.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
colon
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000243
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000243
rectum
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000238
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000238
duodenum
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000236
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000236
ileum
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000237
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000237
capillary system of liver
amphibian_anatomy
liver parenchyme
amphibian_anatomy
islet of Langerhans
AAO:0010550
amphibian_anatomy
islets of Langerhans
XAO:0000159
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000159
pancreatic islet
pancreatic islets
Anatomical structure which consists of glands developed from pancreatic ducts in the larvae and secrete insulin.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
exocrine pancreas
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000137
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000137
endocardium
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000066
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000066
Part of the heart comprised of thin serous membrane, composed of endothelial tissue, that lines the interior of the heart.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
epicardium
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000316
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000316
The inner layer of the pericardium that is in contact with the surface of the heart.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
myocardium
amphibian_anatomy
The middle layer of the heart, consisting of cardiac muscle.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
XAO:0000065
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000065
endocardial tube
amphibian_anatomy
ventral aorta
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000338
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000338
left channel of ventral aorta
amphibian_anatomy
aortic arch
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000341
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000341
aortic arch 1
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000342
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000342
external carotid artery
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000345
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000345
posterior palatine artery
amphibian_anatomy
aortic arch 2
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000343
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000343
aortic arch 3
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000344
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000344
aortic arch 4
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000355
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000355
aortic arch 5
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000352
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000352
aortic arch 6
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000353
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000353
larval aorta
amphibian_anatomy
right channel of ventral aorta
amphibian_anatomy
ganglion
amphibian_anatomy
Portion of tissue that contains cell bodies of neurons and is located outside the central nervous system.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
XAO:0000209
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000209
mesenchyme
amphibian_anatomy
Portion of tissue consisting of loosely organized undifferentiated mesodermal cells that give rise to such structures as connective tissues, blood, lymphatics, bone, and cartilage.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
XAO:0003046
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003046
portion of connective tissue
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0001017
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0001017
archenteron
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000092
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000092
archenteron floor
amphibian_anatomy
archenteron roof
amphibian_anatomy
blastocoel
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000294
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000294
pharyngeal cavity
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000105
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000105
blastocoel roof
amphibian_anatomy
post-anal gut
amphibian_anatomy
foramen
amphibian_anatomy
fossa
amphibian_anatomy
pore
amphibian_anatomy
ligament
amphibian_anatomy
perichondrium
amphibian_anatomy
perichordal connective tissue
amphibian_anatomy
M. extensor digitorum communis longus
amphibian_anatomy
It arises on the lateral epicondyle of the humerus by two heads: the lateral one arises by a thin tendon in common with the m.extensor carpi ulnaris with fibers proximally fused. The internal one arises by a short tendon in common with proximally fused fibers of the m. extensor carpi radialis. It divides distally in two heads: the external head inserts with a long and thin tendon on the metacarpal V, at the same point of insertion of the m. abductor brevis dorsalis digiti V; the internal one inserts by a thin tendon on the proximal region of the metacarpal IV, between the m. extensor brevis superficialis digiti IV and the m. extensor brevis medius digiti IV (Pristimantis bogotensis).
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
marginal zone
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000068
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000068
Belt-like region of presumptive mesoderm at the equator of the late blastula.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
dorsal marginal zone
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000072
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000072
Marginal zone that is a key embryonic tissue region of the early gastrula stage embryo and that houses the Spemann-Mangold organizer.
ASD:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/ASD#ASD_BJB
dorso-lateral marginal zone
amphibian_anatomy
involuting marginal zone
amphibian_anatomy
non-involuting marginal zone
amphibian_anatomy
ventral marginal zone
amphibian_anatomy
ventro-lateral marginal zone
amphibian_anatomy
blastopore lip
amphibian_anatomy
lower blastopore lip
amphibian_anatomy
upper blastopore lip
amphibian_anatomy
organizer
ala
amphibian_anatomy
animal cap
amphibian_anatomy
animal cap inner layer
amphibian_anatomy
animal cap outer layer
amphibian_anatomy
cranial placode
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000305
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000305
03 oculomotor nerve
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003090
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003090
Somatic efferent fibers which innervate four eye muscles.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
cranial nerve III
oculomotorius nerve
04 trochlear nerve
amphibian_anatomy
Somatic efferent nerve which supplies a single eye muscle, the m. obliquus superior.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
trochlearis nerve
cranial nerve IV
XAO:0003091
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003091
05 trigeminal nerve
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003092
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003092
Nerve consists of motor and sensory components. Ganglion cells of the sensory component form the proximal part of the trigeminal (Gasserian) ganglion. From the ganglion 3 major rami innervate jaws, snout, and buccal roof.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
trigeminus nerve
cranial nerve V
06 abducens nerve
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003093
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003093
cranial nerve VI
Somatic motor nerve which bifurcates innervating m. rectus lateralis and m. retractor bulbi (eye muscles).
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
07 facial nerve
amphibian_anatomy
facialis nerve
cranial nerve VII
XAO:0003094
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003094
Slender nerve composed of branchiomotor and visceral efferent fibers innervating the mouth and various muscles within the jaw. Sensory components innervate the bucccal roof and somatomotor components innervate the depressor musculature and muscle interhyoideus.
AAO:DSM
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_DSM
08 auditory nerve
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003095
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003095
vestibulocochlearis nerve
cranial nerve VIII
Nerve primarily composed of special somatic afferent fibers innervating the inner ear, and is involved in balance, position, and hearing.
AAO:DSM
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_DSM
09 glossopharyngeus nerve
amphibian_anatomy
cranial nerve IX
Small nerve consisting of branchiomotor and visceral efferent and afferent fibers which innervate the m. subarculais rectus I, dorsal buccal mucosa, and the tongue.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
XAO:0003096
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003096
10 vagus nerve
amphibian_anatomy
cranial nerve X
XAO:0003097
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003097
Nerve consisting of branchiomotor and visceral efferent fibers which branch and innervate the smooth muscles and glands of the heart, lungs, esophagus, and stomach as well as some throat muscles. Sensory fibers supply mucosa of the mouth and pharynx.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
11 accessorius nerve
amphibian_anatomy
cranial nerve XI
Small motor nerve which innervates a single pectoral suspensory muscle, the m. cucullaris.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
12 hypoglossus nerve
amphibian_anatomy
Nerve which innervates the muscles associated with the tongue including mm geniohyoideus, genioglossus, hyoglossus and rectus cervicis.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
cranial nerve XII
brain
amphibian_anatomy
Part of the central nervous system situated within the cranium and composed of both nerve cell bodies and nerve fibers.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
XAO:0000010
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000010
telencephalon
amphibian_anatomy
Part of the forebrain consisting of paired olfactory bulbs and cerebral hemispheres.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
XAO:0000012
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000012
cerebral hemisphere
amphibian_anatomy
Part of the telencephalon consisting of either of the two smooth, elongated halves of the cerebrum.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
diencephalon
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000013
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000013
Unpaired part of the forebrain comprised of three major parts; the epithalamus, thalamus, and hypothalamus.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
epithalamus
amphibian_anatomy
Dorsal segment of the diencephalon containing the habenular ganglia, a choroid plexus, and the pineal organ.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
thalamus
amphibian_anatomy
Part of the diencephalon consisting of a mass of connecting fibers which relay sensory information to the cerebral cortex.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
hypothalamus
amphibian_anatomy
Part of the diencephalon ventral to the thalamus consisting of connecting fibers and is a center for control of the autonomous nervous system.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
cerebellum
amphibian_anatomy
Dorsal part of the hindbrain that coordinates muscle movement, posture, and balance.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
XAO:0003098
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003098
medulla oblongata
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003100
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003100
rhomboencephalon
Posterior portion of the hindbrain which controls respiration, heartbeat, digestion, and swallowing as well as some locomotor responses.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
sympathetic nervous system
amphibian_anatomy
Part of the autonomic nervous system which has opposing physiological effects of the parasympathetic nervous system. Examples include increasing the heart rate or constricting the blood vessels.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
parasympathetic nervous system
amphibian_anatomy
Part of the autonomic nervous system which has opposing physiological effects of the sympathetic nervous system. Examples include decreasing the heart rate or dilating the blood vessels.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
muscular artery
amphibian_anatomy
Part of the external carotid which delivers blood to the mm rectus cervicis and interhyoideus posterior.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
thyroid artery
amphibian_anatomy
Part of the external carotid which supplies blood to the thyroid gland.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
sublingual artery
amphibian_anatomy
Part of the external carotid which supplies blood to the tip of the snout where branches go to the tongue and the m. geniohyoideus.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
lingual artery
amphibian_anatomy
Part of the external carotid which supplies blood to the tongue.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
cerebral artery
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000367
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000367
Part of the internal carotid containing many branches supplying blood to the chorioid plexuses of the brain.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
lateral pretrosal artery
amphibian_anatomy
Part of the internal carotid which supplies blood to the ear and branches to two additional arteries.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
temporal artery
amphibian_anatomy
Part of lateral pretrosal artery which supplies blood to the eyelids.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
mandibular artery
amphibian_anatomy
Part of lateral pretrosal artery which supplies blood to the roof of the mouth.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
ophthalmic artery
amphibian_anatomy
Part of internal carotid which carries blood via branches to the eye, the eye muscles, and eyelids.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
cutaneus artery
amphibian_anatomy
Artery which supplies blood to the thymus and parotoid region.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
coeliaco-mesenteric artery
amphibian_anatomy
This artery has many branches which supply blood to various organs in the viscus.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
gastrico-linealis
amphibian_anatomy
Major branch which supplies blood to the spleen and dorsal wall of the stomach.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
duodeno-pancreatic
amphibian_anatomy
Major branch which supplies blood to pancreas and duodenum.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
duodeno-hepatic
amphibian_anatomy
Major branch supplying blood via many smaller branches to the liver, duodenum, ventral wall of the stomach, and gall bladder.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
oviduct artery
amphibian_anatomy
One of three arteries which are part of the renal artery supplying blood to the anterior, middle, and posterior parts of the oviduct.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
brachial artery
amphibian_anatomy
Part of the subclavian artery which supplies blood to the forelimb.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
sinus venosus
amphibian_anatomy
Part of the circulatory system which receives blood from the systemic veins and contracts to pump the blood into the atrium of the heart.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
postcaval vein
amphibian_anatomy
One of three major veins which enter the sinus venosus.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
precaval vein
amphibian_anatomy
Either of a pair of veins which enter on either side of the sinus venosus.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
external jugular
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000379
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000379
Vein which collects blood from the muscles of the head and tongue and the thyroid gland.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
vertebral vein
amphibian_anatomy
Vein which collects blood from the muscles of the neck and drains into the internal jugular.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
subclavian vein
amphibian_anatomy
Vein which collects blood from the forelimb via the brachial veins and from the muscles and skin of the trunk via the anterior epigastric and lateral veins.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
postcardinal vein
amphibian_anatomy
Either of two veins which receive blood as an alternate route from the kidneys.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
brachial vein
amphibian_anatomy
Vein which collects blood from the forelimb and drains into the subclavian vein.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
facial vein
amphibian_anatomy
Vein which collects blood from muscles of the head and drains into the external jugular vein.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
lingual vein
amphibian_anatomy
Vein which collects blood from the tongue and drains into the external jugular vein.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
lateral vein
amphibian_anatomy
Either of the veins which collect blood from the trunk and skin and drain into the subclavian vein.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
cutaneus magnus
amphibian_anatomy
Anterior part of the lateral vein.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
ventral abdominal vein
amphibian_anatomy
A vein formed by the combination of veins in the pelvic region which collects blood from the liver, stomach, intestines, and gall bladder.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
renal-portal system
amphibian_anatomy
Part of the circulatory system in which the veins of the hindlimb combine to form the pair Jacobson's veins which receive many small vesicles from the kidney and also collects blood from the oviducal vein.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
Jacobson's vein
amphibian_anatomy
Either of a pair of veins which receives many small vesicles from the kidney and collects blood from the oviducal vein.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
oviducal vein
amphibian_anatomy
Vein which collects blood from the oviduct.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
pulmonary vein
amphibian_anatomy
Any of the veins which collect blood from the lungs and some small vesicles received from the esophagus.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
XAO:0000394
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000394
lymphatic system
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003199
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003199
Part of the circulatory system which consists of a series of vessels which collect blood (exclusive of erythrocytes) which seep through capillary walls and return it to the veins.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
M. plantaris longus
amphibian_anatomy
Originates by two heads, one from the dorso-distal border of the aponeurosis covering the knee and the other from two tendinous branches along the medial border of the knee joint. Inserts by a thick, broad tendon to form the aponeurosis plantaris.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
bronchial tube
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000121
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000121
Either of the short tubes which bifurcate posteriorly from the trachea and lead into the lungs.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
frontoparietal fenestra
amphibian_anatomy
Bowman's capsule
amphibian_anatomy
Anatomical structure found in the kidney consisting of an expanded end of a kidney tubule surrounding a glomerulus and is the major site of filtration.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
articular process of palatoquadrate
amphibian_anatomy
ovisac
AAO:0010782
amphibian_anatomy
Part of the ovary consisting of a thin sheath of connective tissue enclosing the ovarian follicles.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
mesorchium
amphibian_anatomy
A thin membrane which attaches the testes to the kidneys and supports the efferent ductules from the testes to the kidneys.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
mesovarium
amphibian_anatomy
Anatomical structure consisting of a membrane which suspends the ovaries from the mesial side of the kidney.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
efferent ductules
amphibian_anatomy
Any of a group ranging from one to twelve (varies in species) small seminal ducts per testis which transport sperm from the testes to the kidney.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
vas efferentia
oviduct
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003052
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003052
palate
amphibian_anatomy
Roof of the mouth lined with ciliated epithelium.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
pituitary gland
amphibian_anatomy
An endocrine gland derived from infundibulum of the floor of the diencephalon and an ectodermal dorsal protrusion from the buccal cavity which controls the secretion of many hormones influencing the function of various organs of the body.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
XAO:0000017
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000017
hypophysis
neurohypophysis
amphibian_anatomy
The infundibular part of the pituitary gland consisting of two regions.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
pars nervosa
amphibian_anatomy
Region of the neurohypophysis which secretes neurohypophyseal hormones, regulating water loss and salt balance.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
median eminence
amphibian_anatomy
Region of the neurohypophysis.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
adenohypophysis
amphibian_anatomy
Region of the pituitary gland derived from the buccal protrusion consisting of three regions.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
median pars intermedia
amphibian_anatomy
Region of the adenohypophysis which secretes melanophore-stimulating hormone, affecting the integumentary chromatophores.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
pars distalis
amphibian_anatomy
Region of the adenohypophysis which produces the follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, prolactin, thyrotropin, and adrenocorticotropin.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
bilateral pars tuberalis
amphibian_anatomy
thyroid gland
amphibian_anatomy
Either of paired structures located in the throat which develop from the ventral wall of the pharynx and excretes hormones involved in the morphological and functional changes during metamorphosis as well as influencing other tissues.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
XAO:0000162
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000162
parathyroid gland
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000167
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000167
Either of the two pairs of small, spherical, encapsulated glands which develop from ventral growths of the third and fourth pharyngeal pouches and are closely associated with the external jugular veins. Calcitonin and parathyroid hormone are secreted by these glands.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
musculoskeletal system
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000168
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000168
Anatomical system that provides locomotion and physical support to the organism.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
ultimobranchial body
amphibian_anatomy
post-branchial body
supra-pericardial body
Anatomical structure which includes small, calcitonin producing glands originating as epithelial growths from the sixth pharyngeal pouch.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
XAO:0000452
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000452
thymus gland
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000163
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000163
Anatomical structure which originates as several paired thickenings on the dorsal side of the pharyngeal pouches and secretes thymosin.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
pineal body
amphibian_anatomy
Anatomical structure which is a medial outgrowth of the thalamus on the dorsal surface of the brain. This structure is light sensitive and secretes melatonin when exposed to prolonged darkness.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
adrenal gland
amphibian_anatomy
Anatomical structure which is found on the surface of the kidney and secretes various hormones including epinephrine, norephinephrine, aldosterone, corticosterone, and cortisol.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
XAO:0000164
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000164
gastrula cell
amphibian_anatomy
A cell of the embryo in the early stage following the blastula, characterized by morphogenetic cell movements, cell differentiation, and the formation of the three germ layers.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
blastoderm cell
amphibian_anatomy
An undifferentiated cell produced by early cleavages of the fertilized egg (zygote).
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
ectodermal cell
amphibian_anatomy
ectoderm cell
A cell of the outer of the three germ layers of the embryo.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
endodermal cell
amphibian_anatomy
endoderm cell
A cell of the inner of the three germ layers of the embryo.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
mesodermal cell
amphibian_anatomy
mesoblast
mesoderm cell
A cell of the middle germ layer of the embryo.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
triangular process
amphibian_anatomy
quadrato-ethmoid ligament
amphibian_anatomy
retroarticular process of the palatoquadrate
amphibian_anatomy
anterior process of the palatoquadrate
amphibian_anatomy
basal plate
amphibian_anatomy
suboccular foramen
amphibian_anatomy
craniopalatine foramina
amphibian_anatomy
carotid foramina
amphibian_anatomy
pila preoptica
amphibian_anatomy
prootic foramen
amphibian_anatomy
lung
amphibian_anatomy
Either of two organs which allow gas exchange absorbing oxygen from inhaled air and releasing carbon dioxide with exhaled air.
AAO:SBH
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_SBH
XAO:0000119
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000119
paraxial mesoderm
amphibian_anatomy
Mesoderm lateral to the neural tube and notochord that is divided into cranial and post-cranial portions. The trunk portions further segment into somites.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
XAO:0000259
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000259
somite
amphibian_anatomy
Post-cranial axial segments which form sclerotome and dermomyotome.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
XAO:0000058
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000058
sclerotome
amphibian_anatomy
Skeletogenic portion of somites.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
XAO:0000397
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000397
dermomyotome
amphibian_anatomy
Portion of somites that gives rise to dermis and muscles.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
taste bud
amphibian_anatomy
A chemoreceptive organ.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
XAO:0000445
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000445
lateral plate mesoderm
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000311
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000311
Portion of mesoderm traditionally thought to give rise to limb bones and parts of the girdles.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
intermediate mesoderm
amphibian_anatomy
Mesoderm between somite and lateral plate. Traditionally thought to give rise to the urogenital system.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
XAO:0000085
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000085
prenasal
amphibian_anatomy
A dermal bone that forms anterior to the premaxillae between the maxillae and articulates with the nasals posteriorly.
AAO:LT
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_LT
gustatory system
amphibian_anatomy
The sensory system used for the sense of taste.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
XAO:0003197
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003197
neural crest
amphibian_anatomy
Migratory cell population which delaminates from neural tube, borders surface ectoderm and neural ectoderm, and gives rise to many different tissue types.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
XAO:0000048
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000048
yolk
amphibian_anatomy
Extraembryonic structure that serves as a nutrient store for the embryo during development.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
cranial neural crest
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0001001
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0001001
Anterior most portion of the neural crest. Migrates in three highly conserved streams: mandibular, hyoid and branchial.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
trunk neural crest
amphibian_anatomy
Post-cranial portion of the neural crest. Exact anatomical derivations not experimentally resolved in amphibians.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
XAO:0000319
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000319
basibranchial I
amphibian_anatomy
Bilaterally unpaired ventral element with which articulates with lateral paired elements.
AAO:DBW
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_DBW
Copula I
mandibular arch neural crest
amphibian_anatomy
Anterior most migratory stream of cranial neural crest.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
basibranchial II
amphibian_anatomy
Unpaired medial element that articulates with the anterior basibrachial I (if present).
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
Copula II
urohyal
vasa efferentia
amphibian_anatomy
Sperm travel through these 4 or 5 fine ducts which pass through the mesorchium from the testis to the sexual kidney.
AAO:BMZ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BMZ
hyoid arch neural crest
amphibian_anatomy
Population of cranial neural crest that give rise to hyoid arch elements.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
cloacal papilla
amphibian_anatomy
A small, ridge-like projection from the antero-ventral wall of the cloacal chamber.
AAO:BMZ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BMZ
cloacal gland
amphibian_anatomy
A structure that surrounds the cloacal opening, consisting of a mass of coarse tubules.
AAO:BMZ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BMZ
erythrophore
amphibian_anatomy
basement membrane
amphibian_anatomy
stratum corneum
amphibian_anatomy
The keratinized outermost layer of the epidermis, which is periodically shed.
AAO:CAM
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_CAM
XAO:0003055
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003055
stratum germinativum
amphibian_anatomy
stratum spongiosum
amphibian_anatomy
stratum compactum
amphibian_anatomy
mucous gland
amphibian_anatomy
granular gland
amphibian_anatomy
Toxin-producing gland .
AAO:CAM
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_CAM
body glands
amphibian_anatomy
cranial glands
amphibian_anatomy
tubercles
amphibian_anatomy
limb glands
amphibian_anatomy
vomeronasal nerve
amphibian_anatomy
Nerve carrying fibers from the vomeronasal organ to the accessory olfactory bulb.
AAO:DSM
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_DSM
optic tectum
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003226
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003226
glottis
amphibian_anatomy
A small, slit-like aperture lying longitudinally on the floor of the pharynx.
AAO:BMZ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BMZ
sensory receptors
amphibian_anatomy
laryngo-tracheal chamber
amphibian_anatomy
Muscular vestibule between the pharynx and lungs, lying between the posterior cornua of the hyoid.
AAO:BMZ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BMZ
cartilago lateralis
amphibian_anatomy
A series of semicircular cartilages on the side of the laryngo-tracheal chamber.
AAO:BMZ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BMZ
metacarpal IV
amphibian_anatomy
metacarpal I
amphibian_anatomy
neural tube
amphibian_anatomy
Hollow epithelial tube on dorsal side of the embryo that develops into the central nervous system.
AAO:JOR
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_JOR
XAO:0003204
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003204
constrictor laryngis externus
amphibian_anatomy
hyolaryngus
Involved in the movement of the arytenoid cartilages.
AAO:BMZ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BMZ
sphincter anterior
endomesoderm
amphibian_anatomy
A primary germ layer that can give rise to both mesoderm and endoderm.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
mesendoderm
XAO:0003044
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003044
dilatator laryngis
amphibian_anatomy
Involved in the movement of the arytenoid cartilages.
AAO:BMZ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BMZ
constrictor laryngis anterior
amphibian_anatomy
sphincter posterior
Involved in the movement of the arytenoid cartilages.
AAO:BMZ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BMZ
optic chiasm
amphibian_anatomy
The point at which fibers of the optic nerves cross.
AAO:DSM
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_DSM
pharyngeal cleft
amphibian_anatomy
subarticular (interphalangeal) sesamoids
AAO:0010674
amphibian_anatomy
embryonic hypochord
amphibian_anatomy
A transient rod-like structure ventral to the notochord in salamander embryos. Derived from endoderm.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
merkel cells
amphibian_anatomy
leydig cells
amphibian_anatomy
A type of mucus and/or fluid secreting cell in larvae.
AAO:BMZ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BMZ
dorsal ramus of occulomotor nerve
amphibian_anatomy
Innervates m. rectus superior (m. dorsal rectus).
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
sesamoid
amphibian_anatomy
AAO:0010630
stiftchenzellen
amphibian_anatomy
Possibly chemoreceptor cells in anuran larvae.
AAO:BMZ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BMZ
ventral ramus of occulomotor nerve
amphibian_anatomy
Innervates m. rectus medialis, m. rectus inferior, m. obliquus inferior.
AAO:DSM
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_DSM
flask cell
amphibian_anatomy
Type of cell that appears in epidermis during metamorphosis and is rich in mitochondria.
AAO:BMZ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BMZ
carpal 1
amphibian_anatomy
goblet cell
amphibian_anatomy
A mucous surface cell type known in tadpoles of Xenopus.
AAO:BMZ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BMZ
egg capsules
amphibian_anatomy
Protective membranes that surround amphibian embryos.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
mucous surface cell
amphibian_anatomy
Type of mucous-producing cell that appears in early larval stages and persists after metamorphosis.
AAO:BMZ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BMZ
ciliary cells
amphibian_anatomy
A type of cell that develops in embryos and functions in embryonic movements.
AAO:BMZ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BMZ
fore digit I
amphibian_anatomy
fore digit II
amphibian_anatomy
fore digit III
amphibian_anatomy
fore digit IV
amphibian_anatomy
fore digit V
amphibian_anatomy
hind digit I
amphibian_anatomy
hind digit II
amphibian_anatomy
hind digit III
amphibian_anatomy
intermandibularis
amphibian_anatomy
One of the principal muscles used in swallowing.
AAO:BMZ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BMZ
ramus opthalmicus profundus (ramus V1)
amphibian_anatomy
Sensory medial ramus of the trigeminal nerve.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
interhyoideus
amphibian_anatomy
One of the principal muscles used in swallowing.
AAO:BMZ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BMZ
cephalodorsosubpharyngeus
amphibian_anatomy
One of the principal muscles used in swallowing.
AAO:BMZ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BMZ
levator bulbi
amphibian_anatomy
One of the principal muscles used in swallowing.
AAO:BMZ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BMZ
ramules nasalis lateralis
amphibian_anatomy
First branch gives rise to two ramules that border the naris and innervate the surrounding tissue.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
ramus nasalis medialis
amphibian_anatomy
First branch gives rise to two ramules that border the naris and innervate the surrounding tissue.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
rectus cervicis
amphibian_anatomy
Retracts the hyoid and, therefore, the tongue.
AAO:BMZ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BMZ
geniohyoideus
amphibian_anatomy
Muscle that pulls the hyoid apparatus forward and depresses the lower jaw.
AAO:BMZ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BMZ
hind digit IV
amphibian_anatomy
subhyoideus
amphibian_anatomy
Deep, visceral muscle associated with tongue movement.
AAO:BMZ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BMZ
hind digit V
amphibian_anatomy
subarcualis rectus I
amphibian_anatomy
Deep, visceral muscle associated with tongue movement.
AAO:BMZ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BMZ
genioglossus
amphibian_anatomy
Makes up bulk of tongue in frogs and salamanders; makes up entire tongue in caecilians.
AAO:BMZ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BMZ
ramus nasalis internus
amphibian_anatomy
Distal part of the opthalmicus profundus gives rise to 2 ramules: palatinus and cutaneous.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
hyoglossus
amphibian_anatomy
Makes up part of the tongue in frogs and salamanders.
AAO:BMZ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BMZ
m. intertransversarius capitus superior
amphibian_anatomy
Involved in the movement of the head.
AAO:BMZ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BMZ
ramule palatinus
amphibian_anatomy
Ramules that descends towards the buccal roof and give rise to several short branches that anastomose with palatine ramus of the facial nerve.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
m. rectus capitis posterior
amphibian_anatomy
Involved in the movement of the head.
AAO:BMZ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BMZ
m. intertransversarius capitis inferior
amphibian_anatomy
Involved in the movement of the head.
AAO:BMZ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BMZ
ramules cutaneous
AAO:0010672
amphibian_anatomy
Many branches of the maxillary ramus that terminate in the integument of the maxillary region.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
trunk maxillary-mandibularis
amphibian_anatomy
Oortion of the trigeminal nerve where the maxillary and mandibular rami run together prior to bifurcating.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
ramus maxillaris (ramus V2)
amphibian_anatomy
Medial ramus (sensory) of the trigeminal nerve.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
ramule palatonasalis
amphibian_anatomy
Descends and branches to the buccal roof where it anastomoses with the palatine ramus of the facial nerve.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
m. rhomboideus anterior
amphibian_anatomy
Muscle which originates on the posterior surface of the frontoparietal and the anterior part of the dorsal fascia. Inserts on the ventral surface of the anteromedial corner of the suprascapula.
AAO:MEJ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_MEJ
bony nodule
amphibian_anatomy
Endochondral element distal to terminal phalanx of hind digit.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
terminal phalanx
AAO:0010678
amphibian_anatomy
penultimate phalanx
amphibian_anatomy
AAO:0010679
proximal-most phalanx
amphibian_anatomy
AAO:0010681
proximal-most prepollical element
amphibian_anatomy
distal-most prepollical element
amphibian_anatomy
proximal-most prehallical element
amphibian_anatomy
distal-most prehallical element
amphibian_anatomy
girdle
amphibian_anatomy
pectoral girdle and fore limb muscles
amphibian_anatomy
Muscles of the pectoral girdle, arm, forearm, and hand (brachium, antebrachium, manus respectively).
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
ramus mandibularis (ramus V3)
amphibian_anatomy
Lateral ramus (motor) of the trigeminal nerve.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
m. levator scapulae
amphibian_anatomy
Muscle which originates as three muscle bellies from the prootic-occipital region and inserts on the medial side of the suprascapula.
AAO:MEJ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_MEJ
fetal teeth
amphibian_anatomy
Type of deciduous dentition found in foetuses and altricial juveniles of some caecilians.
AAO:HM
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_HM
m. opercularis
amphibian_anatomy
Muscle which arises from the dorsal m. levator scapulae and extends between the operculum and suprascapula.
AAO:MEJ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_MEJ
m. cucullaris
amphibian_anatomy
Muscle which originates on the prootic and the otic ramus of the squamosal and inserts on the anterior border of the suprascapula.
AAO:MEJ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_MEJ
ramus posterior profundus of V3
amphibian_anatomy
In the adult anuran, this innervates the muscles levator mandibulare internus and longus.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
m. rhomboideus posterior
amphibian_anatomy
Muscle which originates from the transverse process of presacral vertebrae IV and insert on the dorso-medial surface of the suprascapula.
AAO:MEJ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_MEJ
m. serratus superior
amphibian_anatomy
Muscle which originates from the transverse process of presacral vertebrae IV and inserts on the dorso-medial surface of the suprascapula beneath the insertion M. rhomboideus posterior.
AAO:MEJ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_MEJ
m. serratus medius
amphibian_anatomy
Muscle which originates from the transverse process of presacral vertebrae III and inserts on the central and medial surface of the suprascapula.
AAO:MEJ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_MEJ
m. serratus inferior
amphibian_anatomy
Muscle which originates as a posterior and anterior head. The posterior head originates from the transverse process and cartilaginous epiphysis of presacral vertebra IV. The anterior head originates on the same parts of presacral vertebrae III. Both insert on the medial surface of the suprascapula near its postero-ventral edge.
AAO:MEJ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_MEJ
levator mandibulae externus
amphibian_anatomy
Responsible for the closing of the jaw.
AAO:BMZ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BMZ
m. latissimus dorsi
amphibian_anatomy
Muscle which originates from the ventral surface of the dorsal fascia and inserts on the deltoid crest of the humerus.
AAO:MEJ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_MEJ
ramus mandibularis V3 (main branch)
amphibian_anatomy
Innervates muscles levator mandibulae articularis, externus, lateralis.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
levator mandibulae longus
amphibian_anatomy
Responsible for the closing of the jaw.
AAO:BMZ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BMZ
lateral line receptor
amphibian_anatomy
lateral line nucleus
amphibian_anatomy
m. dorsalis scapulae
amphibian_anatomy
Muscle which originates on the lateral surface of the suprascapulae and inserts on the deltoid crest of the humerus.
AAO:MEJ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_MEJ
levator mandibulae articularis
amphibian_anatomy
m. adductor mandibulae anterior articularis
Muscle which is responsible for the closing of the jaw.
AAO:BMZ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BMZ
m. adductor mandibulae posterior articularis
m. adductor mandibulae externus minor
m. adductor mandibulae posterior
levator mandibulae lateralis
amphibian_anatomy
m. adductor mandibulae posterior articularis
Responsible for the closing of the jaw.
AAO:BMZ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BMZ
m. interscapularis
amphibian_anatomy
Muscle which originates from the ventro-medial surface of the suprascapula and inserts on the ventral surface of the scapula.
AAO:MEJ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_MEJ
levator mandibulae externus superficialis
amphibian_anatomy
Responsible for the closing of the jaw.
AAO:BMZ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BMZ
levator mandibulae externus profundus
amphibian_anatomy
Muscle which is responsible for the closing of the jaw.
AAO:BMZ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BMZ
m. sternoepicoracoideus
amphibian_anatomy
Muscle which originates on the anterior border of the distal part of the sternal horn and inserts antero-medially on the postero-dorsal surface of the epicoracoid cartilage.
AAO:MEJ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_MEJ
m. anconeus
amphibian_anatomy
Muscle originating as three heads which converge and insert on the proximal end of the olecranon process of the radioulna. The long head arises from the posterior and upper border of the glenoid cavity on the joint capsule. The inner head originates on the proximo-medial head of the humerus. The outer head originates on the lateral surface of the humerus.
AAO:MEJ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_MEJ
depressor mandibulae
amphibian_anatomy
Muscle which is responsible for the opening of the jaw.
AAO:BMZ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BMZ
m. deltoideus
amphibian_anatomy
Muscle which originates as three heads, the pars externalis, pars clavicularis, and pars scapularis. The pars externalis originates from the lateral border of the omosternum and inserts on the distal portion of the humerus. The pars clavicularis originates from the ventro-lateral surface of the clavicle and inserts on the deltoid crest of the humerus. The pars scapularis originates from the lateral surface of the clavicle and inserts on the deltoid crest of the humerus.
AAO:MEJ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_MEJ
diverticulum
amphibian_anatomy
lateral line placodes
amphibian_anatomy
Specialized series of dorsolateral ectodermal placodes.
AAO:SIQ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_SIQ
dilated medial process
amphibian_anatomy
ramus hyomandibularis
amphibian_anatomy
The posttrematic branch of the facial nerve, both motor and sensory in function.
AAO:CAM
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_CAM
limb villosities
amphibian_anatomy
ramus palatinus
amphibian_anatomy
Sensory branch of facial nerve from palatal region.
AAO:CAM
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_CAM
levator quadrati
amphibian_anatomy
Responsible for the closing of the jaw.
AAO:BMZ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BMZ
M. coracoradialis
amphibian_anatomy
Muscle which originates from the omosternum and epicoracoid cartilage and inserts on the proximal radioulna.
AAO:MEJ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_MEJ
ramus muscularis
amphibian_anatomy
Branchiomotor branch of the glossopharyngeus nerve innervating the m. subarcuales rectus I.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
M. pectoralis
amphibian_anatomy
Muscle which is comprised of three heads. The anterior head is the portio epicoracoidea that originates on the epicoracoid cartilage and inserts on the deltoid crest of the humerus. The next more posterior head, portio sternalis, originates on the sternum and inserts in the groove next to the deltoid crest of the humerus. The most posterior head, portio abdominalis, arises from the M. rectus abdominis and inserts on the deltoid crest of the humerus.
AAO:MEJ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_MEJ
opercular element
amphibian_anatomy
Round, flat bone or cartilage that lies in the fenestra ovalis and articulates with the columella.
AAO:DBW
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_DBW
M. coracobrachialis longus
amphibian_anatomy
Muscle which originates as a long belly from the dorsal coracoid near the sternum and inserts on the shaft of the humerus.
AAO:MEJ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_MEJ
pterygoideus
amphibian_anatomy
M. coracobrachialis brevis
amphibian_anatomy
Muscle which originates on the dorsal surface of the coracoid and scapula and inserts on the deltoid crest of the humerus.
AAO:MEJ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_MEJ
M. flexor carpi radialis
amphibian_anatomy
Muscle which originates on the inner border of the humerus and inserts on the carpus.
AAO:MEJ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_MEJ
M. flexor carpi ulnaris
amphibian_anatomy
Muscle which originates from the medial condyle of the humerus and inserts on the carpus.
AAO:MEJ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_MEJ
ramus anterior of CN VIII
amphibian_anatomy
Formed by fibers from the anterior semicircular canal and sacculus.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
ramus posterior of CN VIII
amphibian_anatomy
Composed of two rami: a short ventral ramus innervating the cochlea (lagena and papille basilar), and a long dorsal ramus innervating the posterior semicircular canal.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
M. palmaris longus
amphibian_anatomy
Originates from the medial epicondyle of the humerus and inserts on the palmar aponeurosis.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
M. palmaris profundis
amphibian_anatomy
Originates on the ulnar aspect of the radioulna and inserts on the palmar aponeurosis.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
M. flexor antibrachii medialis
amphibian_anatomy
Originates on the medial epicondyle of the humerus and inserts on the radial aspect of the radioulna.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
ramus auricularis of the vagus nerve
amphibian_anatomy
An afferent branch of the vagus nerve.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
M. ulnocarpalis
amphibian_anatomy
Originates along distal third of the ulna and inserts on the ulnare.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
interhyoideus posterior
amphibian_anatomy
M. flexor antibrachii lateralis superficialis
amphibian_anatomy
Originates as a superior and inferior head. The superior head originates on the outer edge of the humerus and the inferior head originates on the lateral epicondyle of the humerus. Both bellies converge to form a tendon, which inserts on the carpus and the extensor tendon of digit I.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
M. flexor antibrachii lateralis profundus
amphibian_anatomy
Originates on the lateral epicondyle of the humerus and inserts on the lower ridge of the radioulna.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
M. coccygeosacralis
amphibian_anatomy
Originates on the lateral surface of the urostyle and inserts on the neural arch of the sacrum or on the sacral diapophysis.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
T-shaped terminal phalanx
amphibian_anatomy
submentalis
amphibian_anatomy
M. coccygeoiliacus
amphibian_anatomy
Originates on the lateral surface of the urostyle and passes ventral to the sacral diapophysis to insert on the anterior and medial surfaces of the ilial shaft.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
M. iliolumbaris
amphibian_anatomy
Originates on the anterior and lateral aspect of the ilial shaft and inserts on the transverse processes of presacral vertebrae IV-VII.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
descending branch of the vagus nerve
amphibian_anatomy
Major branch of the vagus supplying parasympathetic innervation to viscera.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
ramus muscularis
amphibian_anatomy
Motor nervous branch of the vagus innervating m. subarcualis rectus I.
AAO:CAM
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_CAM
lobes
amphibian_anatomy
ramus recurrens
amphibian_anatomy
Branch of the vagus nerve that separates from the vagus well postcranially, then continues anteriorly to innervate the larynx.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
ramus superficial ophthalmic
amphibian_anatomy
Dorsal branch of ADLLN that innervates supraorbital line of neuromasts.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
M. coccygeocutaneus
amphibian_anatomy
Originates from the posterior tip of the urostyle and inserts on the cloacal musculature and the overlying skin.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
ramus buccal
amphibian_anatomy
Ventral ramus of the ADLLN that innervates the infraorbital line of neuromasts.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
apical ectodermal ridge
amphibian_anatomy
Distal ectodermal thickening which forms along the anterior-posterior limb axis. Signaling from this region influences proximal-distal patterning of the limb. Structure is missing in some lineages (salamanders, Eleutherodactylus coqui) however morphologically their indistinct distal ectoderm may still be involved in signaling.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
striated muscle
amphibian_anatomy
Voluntary muscle tissue arranged in bundles of fibers.
AAO:CAM
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_CAM
zone of polarizing activity
amphibian_anatomy
Morphologically indistinct signaling region found in the posterior portion of the limb bud. Associated with anterior-posterior patterning of the digits.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
laryngeus ventralis
amphibian_anatomy
A branch of the vagus nerve innervating heart, stomach, and lung muscle.
AAO:CAM
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_CAM
ramus mandibularis externus
amphibian_anatomy
Runs together with motor fibers of the hyomandibular trunk of VII. The mandibularis externus of AVLLN branches into three ramules .
AAO:SIQ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_SIQ
replacement bone
amphibian_anatomy
dermal bone
amphibian_anatomy
dorsal sympathetic chain
amphibian_anatomy
ventral sympathetic chain
amphibian_anatomy
M. dorsalis trunci
amphibian_anatomy
Originates on the postero-dorsal edge of the postzygopophyses and insert on the dorsal surface of the neural arch of the posterior, adjacent vertebra.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
sympathetic ganglion
amphibian_anatomy
chondral bone
amphibian_anatomy
M. longissimus dorsi
amphibian_anatomy
Epaxial muscle which originates on the antero-lateral urostyle and inserts variably along the neural spines and transverse processes of the presacral vertebrae to the exoccipital bone.
AAO:MEJ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_MEJ
endochondral bone
amphibian_anatomy
perichordal bone
amphibian_anatomy
jugal ramule
amphibian_anatomy
This ramule innervates the jugal line of neuromasts and is the dorsal branch of the ramus mandibularis externus.
AAO:SIQ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_SIQ
perichondral bone
amphibian_anatomy
pars recta
amphibian_anatomy
pars convoluta
amphibian_anatomy
m. oblique externus
amphibian_anatomy
Originates on the posterior margin of the suprascapula and the epaxial fascia and inserts ventrally on the lateral fascia of the M. rectus abdominus and the ilial shaft.
AAO:MEJ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_MEJ
m. oblique internus
amphibian_anatomy
A muscular sheet in which the fibers run in right angles to those of the m. oblique externus, slanting downward anteriorly. This is one of three sheets composing the flank musculature.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
m. transversus
amphibian_anatomy
pars subvertebralis
amphibian_anatomy
pars transversalis
amphibian_anatomy
seminal vesicle
amphibian_anatomy
m. rectus abdominis
amphibian_anatomy
m. rectus abdominis superficialis
amphibian_anatomy
sympathetic chain
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000211
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000211
m. rectus abdominis profundus
amphibian_anatomy
m. ypsiloideus anterior
amphibian_anatomy
Hypaxial muscle in which contraction elevates the ypsiloid cartilage; originates from the anterior edge of the lateral process of the ypsiloid cartilage and insert on the anteriorly adjacent inscription.
AAO:BMZ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BMZ
oral ramule
amphibian_anatomy
Medial branch of the ramus mandibularis externus. This ramule innervates the oral and angular lines of neuromasts.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
preopercular ramule
amphibian_anatomy
Ventral branch of the ramus mandibularis externus. This ramule have a superior and an inferior division, both innervating the preopercular line of neuromasts.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
ramus supraotic
amphibian_anatomy
Small ramus of the MLLN that innervates neuromasts located at the posterior margin of the otic capsule.
AAO:SIQ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_SIQ
m. ypsiloideus posterior
amphibian_anatomy
Contraction depresses the ypsiloid cartilage; arises from the anterodorsal edge of the pubis deep to the m. rectus abdominis profundus and spreads anteriorly in a fan shape to insert on the lateral edges of the shaft and the posterior edges of the lateral processes of the ypsiloid cartilage .
AAO:BMZ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BMZ
ramulus suprabranchialis anterior
amphibian_anatomy
Ramulus that innervates the suprabranchial line of neuromasts.
AAO:SIQ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_SIQ
ramulus suprabranchialis posterior
amphibian_anatomy
Ramulus innervating the suprabranchial line of neuromasts.
AAO:SIQ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_SIQ
ramus dorsal
amphibian_anatomy
A thin ramus which branches from the common trunk of the PLLN when it separates from the postotic ganglionic complex. It turns dorsally and extends over the trunk and dorsal fin innervating the dorsal line of neuromasts.
AAO:SIQ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_SIQ
ramus lateral
amphibian_anatomy
Ventral division of the trunk of the PLLN, this prominent ramus extends over the lateral trunk and caudal musculature innervating the lateral line of neuromasts.
AAO:SIQ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_SIQ
courtship gland
amphibian_anatomy
manus
amphibian_anatomy
ramus ventral
amphibian_anatomy
This ramus leaves the postotic ganglionic complex together with the third branchial ramus of X. This ramule innervates the ventral line of neuromasts.
AAO:SIQ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_SIQ
m. abductor pollicis
amphibian_anatomy
Originates on the distal radioulna and inserts on the palmar prepollex.
AAO:MEJ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_MEJ
m. adductor pollicis
amphibian_anatomy
Originates from the distal carpal 5-4-3 and inserts on the palmar prepollex.
AAO:MEJ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_MEJ
Dorsal tail tubercle
amphibian_anatomy
vent glands
amphibian_anatomy
peritoneum
amphibian_anatomy
Serous membrane that forms the lining of the abdominal cavity or the coelom. It covers most of the intra-abdominal organs, supports the abdominal organs, and serves as a conduit for their blood and lymph vessels and nerves. It is composed of a layer of mesothelium.
AAO:JMG
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_JMG
XAO:0000139
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000139
m. flexor indicis superficialis proprius
amphibian_anatomy
Originates on the internal border of the distal carpal 5-4-3 and inserts on the distal end of phalynx I.
AAO:MEJ
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_MEJ
parietal peritoneum
amphibian_anatomy
Peritoneum attached to the abdominal wall.
AAO:JMG
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_JMG
pericardium
amphibian_anatomy
Peritoneum that surrounds the heart.
AAO:JMG
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_JMG
hepatic peritoneum
amphibian_anatomy
Peritoneum that surrounds the liver.
AAO:JMG
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_JMG
gastrointestinal peritoneum
amphibian_anatomy
Peritoneum that surrounds the stomach and intestines.
AAO:JMG
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_JMG
suboccular arch
amphibian_anatomy
hyoquadrate process
amphibian_anatomy
A projection on the suboccular arch, ventral to the muscular process, that serves as the articulation point for the lateral process of the ceratohyal of the hyobranchial skeleton.
AAO:AMM
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_AMM
processus triangularis
amphibian_anatomy
anatomical structure
amphibian_anatomy
CARO:0000003
http://purl.org/obo/owl/CARO#CARO_0000003
Material anatomical entity that has inherent 3D shape and is generated by coordinated expression of the organism's own genome.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
foramen magnum
amphibian_anatomy
anterior prenasal cartilage
amphibian_anatomy
commissura terminales
amphibian_anatomy
sulcus intermedius
amphibian_anatomy
spicule
amphibian_anatomy
occipito-petrosal
amphibian_anatomy
Fusion of the occipital segment or occipital ring and otic capsule (Francis, 1934).
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
occipital segment
amphibian_anatomy
Metameric segment forming the back of the skull.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
Supraoccipital
amphibian_anatomy
Median, unpaired bone that can form the dorsal margin of the foramen magnum.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
opisthotic
amphibian_anatomy
Posterior ossification of the otic capsule.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
Posterolateral Supplementary Element
amphibian_anatomy
A muscle slip arising from the ventral surface of the mandible by means of the ligament near the site of mandibular articulation. The fibers pass anteromedially and attach upon the ventral surfaces of the principal element of the m. intermandibularis (Tyler, 1971).
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
Apical Supplementary Element
amphibian_anatomy
A muscle slip arising from the lingual surface of the mandible on each side of the m. submentalis. The fibers pass posteromedially and attach upon the median raphe of the principal element (Tyler, 1971).
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
Anterolateral Supplementary Element
amphibian_anatomy
A muscle slip arising from the lingual surface of the mandible on the anterior portion of the bone. The fibers pass anteriorly, parallel to the mandible, and attach upon the ventral surface of the m. submentalis (Tyler, 1971).
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
portion of organism substance
amphibian_anatomy
CARO:0000004
http://purl.org/obo/owl/CARO#CARO_0000004
Material anatomical entity in a gaseous, liquid, semisolid or solid state; produced by anatomical structures or derived from inhaled and ingested substances that have been modified by anatomical structures as they pass through the body.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
portion of cell substance
amphibian_anatomy
CARO:0000063
http://purl.org/obo/owl/CARO#CARO_0000063
Portion of organism substance located within a cell.
AAO:BJB
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_BJB
unclassified anatomical entity
Temporary placeholder for unclassified terms.
amphibian_anatomy
Temporary placeholder for unclassified terms.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
multi-cell-component structure
amphibian_anatomy
CARO:0001000
http://purl.org/obo/owl/CARO#CARO_0001000
A structure consisting of multiple cell components but which is not itself a cell and does not have (complete) cells as a part.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
cardiovascular system
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000100
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000100
Anatomical system that has as its parts the heart and blood vessels.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
hematological system
amphibian_anatomy
hematopoietic system
XAO:0000122
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000122
Anatomical system that consists of the blood and blood forming tissues.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
immune system
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003152
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003152
Anatomical system that protects the body from foreign substances, cells, and tissues by producing the immune response and that includes especially the thymus, spleen, lymphoid tissue, lymphocytes including the B cells and T cells, and antibodies.
NLM:immune+system
http://purl.org/obo/owl/NLM#NLM_immune+system
blood vessel
amphibian_anatomy
Any of the vessels through which blood circulates in the body.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
XAO:0001011
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0001011
lymph vessel
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000375
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000375
A vessel that contains or conveys lymph.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
blood island
amphibian_anatomy
ventral lateral plate mesoderm
VBI
Region located on the ventral surface of the developing embryo that is a site of hematopoiesis and that is analogous to the yolk sac blood islands of higher vertebrates.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
ventral blood island
XAO:0000067
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000067
bone marrow
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000123
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000123
dorsal lateral plate region
amphibian_anatomy
Region located near the pronephros and pronephric ducts that is a site of hematopoiesis in the embryo.
AAO:EJS
http://purl.org/obo/owl/AAO#AAO_EJS
aorta-gonads-mesonephros region
DLP
AGM region
XAO:0003051
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003051
adrenal cortex
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000165
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000165
adrenal medulla
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000166
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000166
anterior cardinal vein
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000383
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000383
anterior neural tube
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000307
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000307
arterial endothelium
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000357
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000357
auditory apparatus
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000189
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000189
auditory ossicle
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000214
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000214
auditory tube
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000213
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000213
axial mesoderm
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000205
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000205
basilar papilla
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003145
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003145
bile duct
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000134
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000134
biliary tree
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000455
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000455
cardiac mesoderm
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000235
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000235
cardinal vein
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000052
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000052
caudal artery
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000364
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000364
caudal lateral line
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000465
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000465
caudal vein
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000390
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000390
choroid fissure
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000474
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000474
dental epithelium
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003203
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003203
dermatome
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000220
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000220
dorsal aorta
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000051
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000051
dorsal lateral line
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000462
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000462
dorsal pancreatic bud
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000467
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000467
dorsal root ganglion
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000210
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000210
spinal ganglion
duct of Cuvier
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000373
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000373
common cardinal vein
early distal tubule
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000287
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000287
embryo
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000113
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000113
epibranchial placode
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000284
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000284
external ear
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000190
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000190
eye primordium
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000227
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000227
optic vesicle
amphibian_anatomy
eye vesicle
XAO:0000228
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000228
first pancreatic bud
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0001101
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0001101
floor plate
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000306
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000306
foregut
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000232
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000232
fourth ventricle
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003099
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003099
fused heart primordium
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000336
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000336
gasserian ganglion
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000427
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000427
gastric vein
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000389
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000389
genital ridge
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000018
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000018
genital system
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000142
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000142
glomus
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000318
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000318
hatching gland
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000034
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000034
head mesoderm
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000053
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000053
hindgut
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000104
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000104
infraorbital lateral line
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000459
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000459
internal carotid artery
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000366
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000366
lens placode
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000240
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000240
liver and biliary system
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000132
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000132
liver diverticulum
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000101
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000101
liver primordium
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003266
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003266
lung primordium
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0001002
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0001002
membranous labyrinth
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000194
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000194
mesentery
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000138
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000138
mesonephric mesenchyme
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000291
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000291
mesonephric sinus
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000381
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000381
midbrain-hindbrain boundary
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000016
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000016
middle ear
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000191
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000191
muscle
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000172
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000172
myotome
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000315
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000315
nasal pit
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000275
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000275
nephrostome
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000062
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000062
nerve
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003047
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003047
neural groove
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000248
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000248
neural plate
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000249
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000249
neurocoel
amphibian_anatomy
neural lumen
XAO:0000252
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000252
neuroectoderm
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000042
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000042
occipital lateral line
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000458
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000458
olfactory placode
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000005
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000005
optic stalk
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000475
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000475
osseous labyrinth
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000193
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000193
otic placode
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000223
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000223
otic vesicle
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000006
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000006
posterior cardinal vein
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000241
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000241
posterior neural tube
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000250
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000250
posterior vena cava
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000388
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000388
pre-chordal neural plate
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000045
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000045
prechordal plate
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000079
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000079
presomitic mesoderm
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000057
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000057
proctodeum
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0001019
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0001019
pronephric duct
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000063
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000063
pronephric kidney
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0002000
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0002000
pronephric mesenchyme
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000264
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000264
pronephric nephron
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000285
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000285
pronephric sinus
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000385
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000385
pyloric sphincter
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000457
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000457
Rathke's pouch
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000430
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000430
retinal neural layer
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003216
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003216
retinal pigmented epithelium
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003217
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003217
roof plate
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000022
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000022
semicircular canal
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000198
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000198
skeletal muscle
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000174
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000174
somatic layer of lateral plate mesoderm
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000271
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000271
spinal nerve
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0003101
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0003101
splanchnic layer of lateral plate mesoderm
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000276
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000276
supraorbital lateral line
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000442
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000442
tail bud
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000107
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000107
tail vein
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000393
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000393
thyroid primordium
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000444
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000444
trigeminal ganglion
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000428
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000428
tympanum
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000212
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000212
utricle
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000195
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000195
venous endothelium
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000358
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000358
ventral pancreatic bud
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0001103
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0001103
ventricular zone
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000021
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000021
visceral pouch
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000282
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000282
visceral pouch 1
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000102
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000102
visceral pouch 2
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000247
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000247
visceral pouch 3
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000251
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000251
visceral pouch 4
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000254
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000254
visceral pouch 5
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000255
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000255
visceral pouch 6
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000265
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000265
early proximal tubule
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000288
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000288
late distal segment
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000289
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000289
late proximal tubule
amphibian_anatomy
XAO:0000286
http://purl.org/obo/owl/XAO#XAO_0000286