Relation
Recommended best practice is to reference the resource by means
of a string or number conforming to a formal identification
system.
A reference to a related resource.
Description
An account of the content of the resource.
Description may include but is not limited to: an abstract,
table of contents, reference to a graphical representation
of content or a free-text account of the content.
term replaced by
Person:Alan Ruttenberg
Person:Alan Ruttenberg
Use on obsolete terms, relating the term to another term that can be used as a substitute
term replaced by
definition
definition
GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi>
PERSON:Daniel Schober
The official definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property. Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions.
definition
expand expression to
Chris Mungall
A macro expansion tag applied to an object property (or possibly a data property) which can be used by a macro-expansion engine to generate more complex expressions from simpler ones
ObjectProperty: RO_0002104
Label: has plasma membrane part
Annotations: IAO_0000424 "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 some (http://purl.org/obo/owl/GO#GO_0005886 and http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 some ?Y)"
expand expression to
editor note
editor note
An administrative note intended for its editor. It may not be included in the publication version of the ontology, so it should contain nothing necessary for end users to understand the ontology.
GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obfoundry.org/obo/obi>
PERSON:Daniel Schober
editor note
in branch
An annotation property indicating which module the terms belong to. This is currently experimental and not implemented yet.
GROUP:OBI
OBI_0000277
in branch
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the
content of the resource.
Examples of a Contributor include a person, an
organisation, or a service. Typically, the name of a
Contributor should be used to indicate the entity.
has curation status
OBI_0000281
PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg
PERSON:Bill Bug
PERSON:Melanie Courtot
has curation status
definition source
definition source
Discussion on obo-discuss mailing-list, see http://bit.ly/hgm99w
GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi>
PERSON:Daniel Schober
definition source
formal citation, e.g. identifier in external database to indicate / attribute source(s) for the definition. Free text indicate / attribute source(s) for the definition. EXAMPLE: Author Name, URI, MeSH Term C04, PUBMED ID, Wiki uri on 31.01.2007
Language
A language of the intellectual content of the resource.
Recommended best practice is to use RFC 3066 [RFC3066],
which, in conjunction with ISO 639 [ISO639], defines two-
and three-letter primary language tags with optional
subtags. Examples include "en" or "eng" for English,
"akk" for Akkadian, and "en-GB" for English used in the
United Kingdom.
curator note
curator note
An administrative note of use for a curator but of no use for a user
PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg
curator note
Resource Type
The nature or genre of the content of the resource.
Type includes terms describing general categories, functions,
genres, or aggregation levels for content. Recommended best
practice is to select a value from a controlled vocabulary
(for example, the DCMI Type Vocabulary [DCMITYPE]). To
describe the physical or digital manifestation of the
resource, use the Format element.
antisymmetric property
Alan Ruttenberg
antisymmetric property
part_of antisymmetric property xsd:true
use boolean value xsd:true to indicate that the property is an antisymmetric property
definition editor
definition editor
GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi>
Name of editor entering the definition in the file. The definition editor is a point of contact for information regarding the term. The definition editor may be, but is not always, the author of the definition, which may have been worked upon by several people
PERSON:Daniel Schober
definition editor
OBO foundry unique label
The intended usage of that property is as follow: OBO foundry unique labels are automatically generated based on regular expressions provided by each ontology, so that SO could specify unique label = 'sequence ' + [label], etc. , MA could specify 'mouse + [label]' etc. Upon importing terms, ontology developers can choose to use the 'OBO foundry unique label' for an imported term or not. The same applies to tools .
An alternative name for a class or property which is unique across the OBO Foundry.
GROUP:OBO Foundry <http://obofoundry.org/>
OBO foundry unique label
PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg
PERSON:Bjoern Peters
PERSON:Chris Mungall
PERSON:Melanie Courtot
first order logic expression
PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg
first order logic expression
has obsolescence reason
PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg
PERSON:Melanie Courtot
Relates an annotation property to an obsolescence reason. The values of obsolescence reasons come from a list of predefined terms, instances of the class obsolescence reason specification.
has obsolescence reason
alternative term
An alternative name for a class or property which means the same thing as the preferred name (semantically equivalent)
GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi>
PERSON:Daniel Schober
alternative term
expand assertion to
A macro expansion tag applied to an annotation property which can be expanded into a more detailed axiom.
Chris Mungall
ObjectProperty: RO???
Label: spatially disjoint from
Annotations: expand_assertion_to "DisjointClasses: (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 some ?X) (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 some ?Y)"
expand assertion to
Source
A reference to a resource from which the present resource
is derived.
The present resource may be derived from the Source resource
in whole or in part. Recommended best practice is to reference
the resource by means of a string or number conforming to a
formal identification system.
editor preferred term
GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi>
PERSON:Daniel Schober
The concise, meaningful, and human-friendly name for a class or property preferred by the ontology developers. (US-English)
editor preferred term
example of usage
A phrase describing how a class name should be used. May also include other kinds of examples that facilitate immediate understanding of a class semantics, such as widely known prototypical subclasses or instances of the class. Although essential for high level terms, examples for low level terms (e.g., Affymetrix HU133 array) are not
GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi>
PERSON:Daniel Schober
example
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the content
of the resource.
Examples of a Creator include a person, an organisation,
or a service. Typically, the name of a Creator should
be used to indicate the entity.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Examples of a Publisher include a person, an organisation,
or a service.
Typically, the name of a Publisher should be used to
indicate the entity.
Subject and Keywords
The topic of the content of the resource.
Typically, a Subject will be expressed as keywords,
key phrases or classification codes that describe a topic
of the resource. Recommended best practice is to select
a value from a controlled vocabulary or formal
classification scheme.
Coverage
Coverage will typically include spatial location (a place name
or geographic coordinates), temporal period (a period label,
date, or date range) or jurisdiction (such as a named
administrative entity).
Recommended best practice is to select a value from a
controlled vocabulary (for example, the Thesaurus of Geographic
Names [TGN]) and that, where appropriate, named places or time
periods be used in preference to numeric identifiers such as
sets of coordinates or date ranges.
The extent or scope of the content of the resource.
is denotator type
Alan Ruttenberg
In OWL 2 add AnnotationPropertyRange('is denotator type' 'denotator type')
relates an class defined in an ontology, to the type of it's denotator
is denotator type
imported from
For external terms/classes, the ontology from which the term was imported
GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi>
PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg
PERSON:Melanie Courtot
imported from
Resource Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context.
Recommended best practice is to identify the resource by means
of a string or number conforming to a formal identification
system.
Example formal identification systems include the Uniform
Resource Identifier (URI) (including the Uniform Resource
Locator (URL)), the Digital Object Identifier (DOI) and the
International Standard Book Number (ISBN).
Date
A date associated with an event in the life cycle of the
resource.
Typically, Date will be associated with the creation or
availability of the resource. Recommended best practice
for encoding the date value is defined in a profile of
ISO 8601 [W3CDTF] and follows the YYYY-MM-DD format.
Format
The physical or digital manifestation of the resource.
Typically, Format may include the media-type or dimensions of
the resource. Format may be used to determine the software,
hardware or other equipment needed to display or operate the
resource. Examples of dimensions include size and duration.
Recommended best practice is to select a value from a
controlled vocabulary (for example, the list of Internet Media
Types [MIME] defining computer media formats).
Title
Typically, a Title will be a name by which the resource is
formally known.
A name given to the resource.
Rights Management
Typically, a Rights element will contain a rights
management statement for the resource, or reference
a service providing such information. Rights information
often encompasses Intellectual Property Rights (IPR),
Copyright, and various Property Rights.
If the Rights element is absent, no assumptions can be made
about the status of these and other rights with respect to
the resource.
Information about rights held in and over the resource.
data item
OBO:imported "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/iao.owl"
a data item is an information content entity that is intended to be a truthful statement about something (modulo, e.g., measurement precision or other systematic errors) and is constructed/acquired by a method which reliably tends to produce (approximately) truthful statements.
information content entity
OBO:sourced "OBI:0000142"
an information content entity is an entity that is generically dependent on some artifact and stands in relation of aboutness to some entity
curation status specification
Better to represent curation as a process with parts and then relate labels to that process (in IAO meeting)
GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi>
OBI_0000266
PERSON:Bill Bug
The curation status of the term. The allowed values come from an enumerated list of predefined terms. See the specification of these instances for more detailed definitions of each enumerated value.
curation status specification
data about an ontology part
Person:Alan Ruttenberg
data about an ontology part is a data item about a part of an ontology, for example a term
obsolescence reason specification
PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg
PERSON: Melanie Courtot
The creation of this class has been inspired in part by Werner Ceusters' paper, Applying evolutionary terminology auditing to the Gene Ontology.
The reason for which a term has been deprecated. The allowed values come from an enumerated list of predefined terms. See the specification of these instances for more detailed definitions of each enumerated value.
obsolescence reason specification
denotator type
A denotator type indicates how a term should be interpreted from an ontological perspective.
Alan Ruttenberg
Barry Smith, Werner Ceusters
The Basic Formal Ontology ontology makes a distinction between Universals and defined classes, where the formal are "natural kinds" and the latter arbitrary collections of entities.
obsolete_representation
Albert Goldfain
creation date: 2009-06-23T10:17:44Z
clinical finding
A representation that is either the output of a clinical history taking or a physical examination or an image finding, or some combination thereof.
Albert Goldfain
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf
creation date: 2010-07-19T10:18:02Z
clinical history
A series of statements representing health-relevant qualities of a patient and of a patient's family.
Albert Goldfain
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf
creation date: 2010-07-19T10:18:59Z
clinical picture
creation date: 2010-07-19T10:20:20Z
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf
A representation of the clinically significant bodily components and/or bodily processes of a human being that is inferred from the totality of relevant clinical findings.
Albert Goldfain
image finding
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf
Albert Goldfain
creation date: 2009-06-23T10:21:10Z
A representation of an image that supports an inference to an assertion about some quality of a patient.
laboratory finding
creation date: 2009-06-23T10:21:58Z
A representation of a quality of a specimen that is the output of a laboratory test and that can support an inference to an assertion about some quality of the patient.
Albert Goldfain
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf
preclinical finding
Albert Goldfain
A representation of a quality of a patient that is (1) recorded by a clinician because the quality is hypothesized to be of clinical significance and (2) refers to qualities obtaining in the patient prior to their becoming detectable in a clinical history taking or physical examination.
creation date: 2009-06-23T10:22:44Z
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf
symptom
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf
creation date: 2010-11-18T11:02:10Z
A quality of a patient that is observed by the patient or a processual entity experienced by the patient, either of which is hypothesized by the patient to be a realization of a disease.
note: defined class
obsolete_bodily feature of a patient
Albert Goldfain
creation date: 2009-06-23T11:09:37Z
manifestation of a disease
creation date: 2009-06-23T11:12:33Z
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf
Albert Goldfain
A quality of a patient that is (a) a deviation from clinical normality that exists in virtue of the realization of a disease and (b) is observable.
phenotype
creation date: 2010-07-19T11:13:49Z
A (combination of) quality(ies) of an organism determined by the interaction of its genetic make-up and environment that differentiates specific instances of a species from other instances of the same species.
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf
Albert Goldfain
sign
Albert Goldfain
note: defined class
A quality of a patient, a material entity that is part of a patient, or a processual entity that a patient participates in, any one of which is observed in a physical examination and is deemed by the clinician to be of clinical significance.
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf
creation date: 2010-11-18T11:14:36Z
clinical manifestation of a disease
creation date: 2009-06-23T11:15:43Z
A manifestation of a disease that is detectable in a clinical history taking or physical examination.
Albert Goldfain
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf
preclinical manifestation of a disease
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf
A manifestation of a disease that exists prior to the time at which it would be detected in a clinical history taking or physical examination, if the patient were to present to a clinician. A realization of a disease that exists prior to its becoming detectable in a clinical history taking or physical examination.
Albert Goldfain
creation date: 2009-06-23T11:16:50Z
clinical phenotype
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf
Albert Goldfain
A clinically abnormal phenotype.
creation date: 2009-06-23T11:18:05Z
disease phenotype
A clinically abnormal phenotype that is characteristic of a single disease.
creation date: 2009-06-23T11:18:39Z
Albert Goldfain
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf
vital sign
Albert Goldfain
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf
A physical sign in which a non-zero value is standardly considered to be an indication that the organism is alive.
creation date: 2009-06-23T11:19:17Z
predisposition to disease of type X
A disposition in an organism that constitutes an increased risk of the organism's subsequently developing the disease X.
creation date: 2009-06-23T11:20:25Z
Albert Goldfain
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf
disease
Albert Goldfain
creation date: 2009-06-23T11:21:20Z
A disposition (i) to undergo pathological processes that (ii) exists in an organism because of one or more disorders in that organism.
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf
homeostasis
creation date: 2009-06-23T11:22:01Z
Albert Goldfain
genetic predisposition to disease of type X
A predisposition to disease of type X whose physical basis is a constitutional abnormality in an organism's genome. This abnormality is the physical basis for the increased risk of acquiring the disease X.
Albert Goldfain
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf
creation date: 2009-06-23T11:23:07Z
acquired genetic disease
A disease whose physical basis is an acquired genetic disorder.
creation date: 2009-06-23T11:24:05Z
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf
Albert Goldfain
constitutional genetic disease
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf
creation date: 2009-06-23T11:24:59Z
A disease whose physical basis is a constitutional genetic disorder.
Albert Goldfain
obsolete_infectious disease
A disease whose physical basis is an infectious disorder.
creation date: 2009-06-23T11:25:51Z
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf
Albert Goldfain
abnormal homeostasis
Homeostasis that is clinically abnormal for an organism of a given type and age in a given environment.
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf
creation date: 2009-06-23T11:26:44Z
Albert Goldfain
normal homeostasis
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf
Albert Goldfain
Homeostasis of a type that is not clinically abnormal.
creation date: 2009-06-23T11:27:28Z
configuration
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf
creation date: 2009-06-23T11:36:24Z
Albert Goldfain
A quality which is an spatial arrangement or distribution of a(n) independent continuant(s) across a Three Dimensional Region.
pathological physical configuration
A configuration which deviates in some way from a canonical configuration for a particular organism.
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf
Albert Goldfain
creation date: 2009-06-23T11:36:58Z
disorder
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf
Albert Goldfain
A material entity which is clinically abnormal and part of an extended organism. Disorders are the physical basis of disease.
creation date: 2009-06-23T11:39:44Z
epigenetic disorder
Albert Goldfain
creation date: 2009-06-23T11:40:27Z
A disorder whose etiology involves (1) a modification to the patient's genomic DNA which leads to alterations in the normal expression pattern of the genome, but is (2) not a change in the nucleotide sequence.
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf
genetic disorder
creation date: 2009-06-23T11:41:14Z
Albert Goldfain
A disorder whose etiology involves an abnormality in the nucleotide sequence of an organism's genome.
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf
obsolete_infectious disorder
creation date: 2009-06-23T11:41:45Z
A disorder whose etiology includes the presence of a pathogenic organism within a host organism or an abnormal imbalance in the normal resident organismal flora.
Albert Goldfain
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf
obsolete_secondary infection
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf
A disorder consisting in the presence of a pathogenic organism within a host organism that occurs due to the disposition established by a prior infection with a pathogenic organism of a different kind.
creation date: 2009-06-23T11:42:20Z
Albert Goldfain
acquired genetic disorder
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf
A genetic disorder acquired by a single cell in an organism that leads to a population of cells within the organism bearing the disorder.
Albert Goldfain
creation date: 2009-06-23T11:43:09Z
constitutional genetic disorder
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf
A genetic disorder inherited during conception that is part of all cells in the organism.
Albert Goldfain
creation date: 2009-06-23T11:43:44Z
obsolete_standardized clinical process
A fiat process part which involves the execution of a standardized protocol for measuring qualities of a patient.
Albert Goldfain
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf
creation date: 2009-06-23T11:47:06Z
clinical history taking
An interview in which a clinician elicits a clinical history from a patient or from a third party who is reporting on behalf of the patient.
creation date: 2009-06-23T11:49:16Z
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf
Albert Goldfain
laboratory test
A measurement assay that has as input a patient-derived specimen, and as output a result that represents a quality of the specimen.
creation date: 2009-06-23T11:49:49Z
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf
Albert Goldfain
physical examination
creation date: 2010-07-19T11:50:18Z
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf
A sequence of acts of observing and measuring qualities of a patient performed by a clinician; measurements may occur with and without elicitation.
Albert Goldfain
etiological process
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf
creation date: 2009-06-23T11:53:07Z
Albert Goldfain
A process in an organism that leads to a subsequent disorder.
bodily process
creation date: 2009-06-23T11:53:49Z
Albert Goldfain
pathological bodily process
creation date: 2009-06-23T11:54:29Z
A bodily process that is clinically abnormal.
Albert Goldfain
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf
disease course
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf
Albert Goldfain
creation date: 2009-06-23T11:55:44Z
The totality of all processes through which a given disease instance is realized.
chronic disease course
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf
A disease course that (a) does not terminate in a return to normal homeostasis and (b) would, absent intervention, fall within abnormal homeostatic range.
creation date: 2009-06-23T11:56:26Z
Albert Goldfain
progressive disease course
creation date: 2009-06-23T11:57:09Z
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf
Albert Goldfain
A disease course that (a) does not terminate in a return to normal homeostasis and (b) would, absent intervention, involve an increasing deviation from homeostasis.
transient disease course
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf
Albert Goldfain
A disease course that terminates in a return to normal homeostasis.
creation date: 2009-06-23T11:57:44Z
_undefined primitive term
Albert Goldfain
creation date: 2009-06-23T11:58:22Z
obsolete_bodily feature
creation date: 2009-06-23T11:58:39Z
Albert Goldfain
clinically abnormal
creation date: 2009-06-23T11:59:24Z
Albert Goldfain
physical basis
creation date: 2009-06-23T12:00:09Z
Albert Goldfain
realization
creation date: 2009-06-23T12:00:39Z
Albert Goldfain
diagnosis
Albert Goldfain
The representation of a conclusion of a diagnostic process.
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf
creation date: 2009-06-23T12:42:23Z
normal value
A value for a quality reported in a lab report and asserted by the testing lab or the kit manufacturer to be normal based on a statistical treatment of values from a reference population.
creation date: 2009-06-26T10:31:34Z
Albert Goldfain
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf
obsolete_infection
Albert Goldfain
creation date: 2009-07-08T12:20:49Z
pathological formation
Albert Goldfain
TODO: Define, relate to disorder, and place in the OGMS hierarchy.
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/bio/ISMB/ISMB_Bio-ontologies.pdf
creation date: 2009-07-13T02:14:59Z
pathological anatomical structure
creation date: 2009-07-13T02:14:05Z
Albert Goldfain
An anatomical structure (FMA) is pathological whenever (1) it has come into being as a result of changes in some pre-existing canonical anatomical structure, (2) through processes other than the expression of the normal complement of genes of an organism of the given type, and (3) is predisposed to have health-related consequences for the organism in question manifested by symptoms and signs.
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/bio/ISMB/ISMB_Bio-ontologies.pdf
portion of pathological body substance
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/bio/ISMB/ISMB_Bio-ontologies.pdf
Albert Goldfain
creation date: 2009-07-13T02:15:17Z
TODO: Define, relate to disorder, and place in the OGMS hierarchy.
pathological transformation
creation date: 2009-07-13T02:17:07Z
Albert Goldfain
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/bio/ISMB/ISMB_Bio-ontologies.pdf
A pathological bodily process in which a canonical anatomical structure becomes a pathological anatomical structure.
pathological derivation
creation date: 2009-07-13T02:17:24Z
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/bio/ISMB/ISMB_Bio-ontologies.pdf
A pathological bodily process in which matter is reorganized in such a way as to give rise to new pathological formations which take the place of entities existing earlier.
Albert Goldfain
pathological invasion
Albert Goldfain
creation date: 2009-07-13T02:17:47Z
http://ontology.buffalo.edu/bio/ISMB/ISMB_Bio-ontologies.pdf
TODO: Define.
physical examination finding
Albert Goldfain
http://code.google.com/p/ogms/issues/detail?id=26
TODO: Define.
creation date: 2009-11-24T04:51:11Z
organism population
An aggregate of organisms of the same type.
http://code.google.com/p/ogms/issues/detail?id=33
creation date: 2009-11-24T04:51:11Z
Albert Goldfain
pain
TODO: Define.
http://code.google.com/p/ogms/issues/detail?id=13
creation date: 2009-11-24T04:51:11Z
Albert Goldfain
syndrome
http://code.google.com/p/ogms/issues/detail?id=32
A pattern of signs and symptoms that typically co-occur.
creation date: 2009-11-24T04:51:11Z
Albert Goldfain
extended organism
Albert Goldfain
An object aggregate consisting of an organism and all material entities located within the organism, overlapping the organism, or occupying sites formed in part by the organism.
http://code.google.com/p/ogms/issues/detail?id=3
creation date: 2010-01-25T04:51:11Z
patient symptom report
Albert Goldfain
creation date: 2010-01-25T04:51:11Z
http://code.google.com/p/ogms/issues/detail?id=12
A communication from a patient about something they perceive as being abnormal about their body or life.
congenital malformation
http://code.google.com/p/ogms/issues/detail?id=28
A structurally anomalous part of an organism acquired during fetal development and present at birth (but not necessarily hereditary) which is hypothesized to be harmful for the organism.
Albert Goldfain
creation date: 2010-03-31T04:51:11Z
treatment
http://code.google.com/p/ogms/issues/detail?id=35
Albert Goldfain
creation date: 2010-03-31T04:51:11Z
A processual entity whose completion is hypothesized (by a healthcare provider) to alleviate the signs and symptoms associated with a disorder
convalescence
A processual entity during which a patient participating in a disease course gradually returns to participating in a canonical life course.
Albert Goldfain
creation date: 2010-03-31T04:51:11Z
http://code.google.com/p/ogms/issues/detail?id=35
life course
creation date: 2010-03-31T04:51:11Z
A processual entity which has as parts all the processes in which a given organism is participant.
Albert Goldfain
http://code.google.com/p/ogms/issues/detail?id=38
prognosis
A hypothesis about the course of a disease.
creation date: 2010-03-31T12:42:23Z
Albert Goldfain
http://code.google.com/p/ogms/issues/detail?id=35
acute disease course
creation date: 2010-07-19T11:57:44Z
http://code.google.com/p/ogms/wiki/Meeting_notes_20100513
Albert Goldfain
a disease course with a rapid onset but typical unfolding of signs and symptoms after this rapid onset.
inflammation process
http://code.google.com/p/ogms/wiki/Meeting_notes_20100513
A process which is a response by an organism's tissues that is generally identified by swelling or localized pain
creation date: 2010-07-19T11:57:44Z
Albert Goldfain
health care process
A social process that has at least one human participant and that includes as parts the treatment, diagnosis, or prevention of disease or injury--or the following of instructions of another human for treatment, diagnosis, or prevention--of a participant in the process
Albert Goldfain
creation date: 2011-02-21T09:57:44Z
http://groups.google.com/group/ogms-discuss/browse_thread/thread/a2dbc2ed1dff99d6
health care encounter
Albert Goldfain
http://groups.google.com/group/ogms-discuss/browse_thread/thread/a2dbc2ed1dff99d6
creation date: 2011-02-21T09:57:44Z
A temporally-connected health care process that has as participants an organization or person realizing the health care provider role and a person realizing the patient role. The health care provider role and patient are realized during the health care encounter
hospitalization
http://groups.google.com/group/ogms-discuss/browse_thread/thread/a2dbc2ed1dff99d6
creation date: 2011-02-21T09:57:44Z
Albert Goldfain
TODO
outpatient encounter
creation date: 2011-02-21T09:57:44Z
http://groups.google.com/group/ogms-discuss/browse_thread/thread/a2dbc2ed1dff99d6
Albert Goldfain
TODO
inpatient encounter
http://groups.google.com/group/ogms-discuss/browse_thread/thread/a2dbc2ed1dff99d6
creation date: 2011-02-21T09:57:44Z
Albert Goldfain
TODO
ED encounter
Albert Goldfain
http://groups.google.com/group/ogms-discuss/browse_thread/thread/a2dbc2ed1dff99d6
TODO
creation date: 2011-02-21T09:57:44Z
injury
A part of an organism that has undergone a change in structural integrity and has a higher chance of dysfunction or causing dysfunction in another structure.
Albert Goldfain
creation date: 2011-09-20T09:57:44Z
At the scale of organism (as opposed to the cellular scale or the population scale), an injury is typically the result of a catastrophic event. Consider the implications of making 'injury' a subtype of 'disorder'.
http://groups.google.com/group/ogms-discuss/browse_thread/thread/ca0ad373f27774c5
prophylaxis
http://groups.google.com/group/ogms-discuss/browse_thread/thread/e42bde79218ee34e
A planned process that has the objective to reduce the risk of acquiring one or more disorders.
creation date: 2011-09-20T09:57:44Z
Albert Goldfain
Whether or not 'prophylaxis' and 'treatment' classes are disjoint is an open question.
diagnostic process
creation date: 2011-09-20T09:57:44Z
An interpretive process that has as input a clinical picture of a given patient and as output an assertion (diagnostic statement) to the effect that the patient has a disease of such and such a type.
http://groups.google.com/group/ogms-discuss/browse_thread/thread/2a7008f311fac766/e7de486c94dfd82e
Albert Goldfain
entity
continuant
Definition: An entity [bfo:Entity] that exists in full at any time in which it exists at all, persists through time while maintaining its identity and has no temporal parts.
Examples: a heart, a person, the color of a tomato, the mass of a cloud, a symphony orchestra, the disposition of blood to coagulate, the lawn and atmosphere in front of our building
Synonyms: endurant
dependent_continuant
Definition: A continuant [snap:Continuant] that is either dependent on one or other independent continuant [snap:IndependentContinuant] bearers or inheres in or is borne by other entities.
disposition
Definition: A realizable entity [snap:RealizableEntity] that essentially causes a specific process or transformation in the object [snap:Object] in which it inheres, under specific circumstances and in conjunction with the laws of nature. A general formula for dispositions is: X (object [snap:Object] has the disposition D to (transform, initiate a process) R under conditions C.
Examples: the disposition of vegetables to decay when not refrigerated, the disposition of a vase to brake if dropped, the disposition of blood to coagulate, the disposition of a patient with a weakened immune system to contract disease, the disposition of metal to conduct electricity.
fiat_object_part
Definition: A material entity [snap:MaterialEntity] that is part of an object [snap:Object] but is not demarcated by any physical discontinuities.
Examples: upper and lower lobes of the left lung, the dorsal and ventral surfaces of the body, the east side of Saarbruecken, the lower right portion of a human torso
Synonyms: fiat substance part
function
Definition: A realizable entity [snap:RealizableEntity] the manifestation of which is an essentially end-directed activity of a continuant [snap:Continuant] entity in virtue of that continuant [snap:Continuant] entity being a specific kind of entity in the kind or kinds of contexts that it is made for.
Examples: the function of a birth canal to enable transport, the function of the heart in the body: to pump blood, to receive de-oxygenated and oxygenated blood, etc., the function of reproduction in the transmission of genetic material, the digestive function of the stomach to nutriate the body, the function of a hammer to drive in nails, the function of a computer program to compute mathematical equations, the function of an automobile to provide transportation, the function of a judge in a court of law
generically_dependent_continuant
Definition: A continuant [snap:Continuant] that is dependent on one or other independent continuant [snap:IndependentContinuant] bearers. For every instance of A requires some instance of (an independent continuant [snap:IndependentContinuant] type) B but which instance of B serves can change from time to time.
Examples: a certain PDF file that exists in different and in several hard drives
independent_continuant
Definition: A continuant [snap:Continuant] that is a bearer of quality [snap:Quality] and realizable entity [snap:RealizableEntity] entities, in which other entities inhere and which itself cannot inhere in anything.
Examples: an organism, a heart, a leg, a person, a symphony orchestra, a chair, the bottom right portion of a human torso, the lawn and atmosphere in front of our building
Synonyms: substantial entity
material_entity
Definition: An independent continuant [snap:IndependentContinuant] that is spatially extended whose identity is independent of that of other entities and can be maintained through time. Note: Material entity [snap:MaterialEntity] subsumes object [snap:Object], fiat object part [snap:FiatObjectPart], and object aggregate [snap:ObjectAggregate], which assume a three level theory of granularity, which is inadequate for some domains, such as biology.
Examples: collection of random bacteria, a chair, dorsal surface of the body
object
Definition: A material entity [snap:MaterialEntity] that is spatially extended, maximally self-connected and self-contained (the parts of a substance are not separated from each other by spatial gaps) and possesses an internal unity. The identity of substantial object [snap:Object] entities is independent of that of other entities and can be maintained through time.
Examples: an organism, a heart, a chair, a lung, an apple
Synonyms: substance
object_aggregate
Definition: A material entity [snap:MaterialEntity] that is a mereological sum of separate object [snap:Object] entities and possesses non-connected boundaries.
Examples: a heap of stones, a group of commuters on the subway, a collection of random bacteria, a flock of geese, the patients in a hospital
Synonyms: substance aggregate
object_boundary
Comment: Boundaries are theoretically difficult entities to account for, however the intuitive notion of a physical boundary as a surface of some sort (whether inside or outside of a thing) will generally serve as a good guide for the use of this universal.
Definition: An independent continuant [snap:IndependentContinuant] that is a lower dimensional part of a spatial entity, normally a closed two-dimensional surface. Boundaries are those privileged parts of object [snap:Object] entities that exist at exactly the point where the object [snap:Object] is separated off from the rest of the existing entities in the world.
Examples: the surface of the skin, the surface of the earth, the surface of the interior of the stomach, the outer surface of a cell or cell wall
Synonyms: substance boundary
one_dimensional_region
Definition: A spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion] with one dimension.
Examples: the part of space that is a line stretching from one end of absolute space to the other, an edge of a cube-shaped part of space
quality
Definition: A specifically dependent continuant [snap:SpecificallyDependentContinuant] that is exhibited if it inheres in an entity or entities at all (a categorical property).
Examples: the color of a tomato, the ambient temperature of air, the circumference of a waist, the shape of a nose, the mass of a piece of gold, the weight of a chimpanzee
realizable_entity
Comment: If a realizable entity [snap:RealizableEntity] inheres in a continuant [snap:Continuant], this does not imply that it is actually realized.
Definition: A specifically dependent continuant [snap:SpecificallyDependentContinuant] that inheres in continuant [snap:Continuant] entities and are not exhibited in full at every time in which it inheres in an entity or group of entities. The exhibition or actualization of a realizable entity is a particular manifestation, functioning or process that occurs under certain circumstances.
Examples: the role of being a doctor, the function of the reproductive organs, the disposition of blood to coagulate, the disposition of metal to conduct electricity
role
Definition: A realizable entity [snap:RealizableEntity] the manifestation of which brings about some result or end that is not essential to a continuant [snap:Continuant] in virtue of the kind of thing that it is but that can be served or participated in by that kind of continuant [snap:Continuant] in some kinds of natural, social or institutional contexts.
Examples: the role of a person as a surgeon, the role of a chemical compound in an experiment, the role of a patient relative as defined by a hospital administrative form, the role of a woman as a legal mother in the context of system of laws, the role of a biological grandfather as legal guardian in the context of a system of laws, the role of ingested matter in digestion, the role of a student in a university
site
Comment: An instance of Site [snap:Site] is a mixture of independent continuant [snap:IndependentContinuant] entities which act as surrounding environments for other independent continuant [snap:IndependentContinuant] entities, most importantly for instances of object [snap:Object]. A site [snap:Site] is typically made of object [snap:Object] or fiat object part [snap:FiatObjectPart] entities and a surrounding medium in which is found an object [snap:Object] occupying the site [snap:Site]. Independent continuant [snap:IndependentContinuant] entities may be associated with others (which, then, are site [snap:Site] entities) through a relation of "occupation". That relation is connected to, but distinct from, the relation of spatial location. Site [snap:Site] entities are not to be confused with spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion] entities. In BFO, site [snap:Site] allows for a so-called relational view of space which is different from the view corresponding to the class spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion] (see the comment on this class).
Definition: An independent continuant [snap:IndependentContinuant] consisting of a characteristic spatial shape in relation to some arrangement of other continuant [snap:Continuant] entities and of the medium which is enclosed in whole or in part by this characteristic spatial shape. Site [snap:Site] entities are entities that can be occupied by other continuant [snap:Continuant] entities.
Examples: a particular room in a particular hospital, Maria's nostril or her intestines for a variety of bacteria.
spatial_region
Comment: All instances of continuant [snap:Continuant] are spatial entities, that is, they enter in the relation of (spatial) location with spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion] entities. As a particular case, the exact spatial location of a spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion] is this region itself.
Comment: An instance of spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion] is a part of space. All parts of space are spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion] entities and only spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion] entities are parts of space. Space is the entire extent of the spatial universe, a designated individual, which is thus itself a spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion].
Comment: Space and spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion] entities are entities in their own rights which exist independently of any entities which can be located at them. This view of space is sometimes called "absolutist" or "the container view". In BFO, the class site [snap:Site] allows for a so-called relational view of space, that is to say, a view according to which spatiality is a matter of relative location between entities and not a matter of being tied to space. The bridge between these two views is secured through the fact that while instances of site [snap:Site] are not spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion] entities, they are nevertheless spatial entities.
Definition: A continuant [snap:Continuant] that is neither bearer of quality [snap:Quality] entities nor inheres in any other entities.
Examples: the sum total of all space in the universe, parts of the sum total of all space in the universe
specifically_dependent_continuant
Definition: A continuant [snap:Continuant] that inheres in or is borne by other entities. Every instance of A requires some specific instance of B which must always be the same.
Examples: the mass of a cloud, the smell of mozzarella, the liquidity of blood, the color of a tomato, the disposition of fish to decay, the role of being a doctor, the function of the heart in the body: to pump blood, to receive de-oxygenated and oxygenated blood, etc.
Synonyms: property, trope, mode
three_dimensional_region
Definition: A spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion] with three dimensions.
Examples: a cube-shaped part of space, a sphere-shaped part of space
two_dimensional_region
Definition: A spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion] with two dimensions.
Examples: the surface of a cube-shaped part of space, the surface of a sphere-shaped part of space, the surface of a rectilinear planar figure-shaped part of space
zero_dimensional_region
Definition: A spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion] with no dimensions.
Examples: a point
connected_spatiotemporal_region
Definition: A spatiotemporal region [span:SpatiotemporalRegion] that has temporal and spatial dimensions such that all points within the spatiotemporal region are mediately or immediately connected to all other points within the same spatiotemporal region [span:SpatiotemporalRegion].
Examples: the spatial and temporal location of an individual organism's life, the spatial and temporal location of the development of a fetus
connected_temporal_region
Definition: A temporal region [span:TemporalRegion] every point of which is mediately or immediately connected with every other point of which.
Examples: the 1970s years, the time from the beginning to the end of a heart attack, the time taken up by cellular meiosis
fiat_process_part
Definition: A processual entity [span:ProcessualEntity] that is part of a process but that does not have bona fide beginnings and endings corresponding to real discontinuities.
Examples: chewing during a meal, the middle part of a rainstorm, the worst part of a heart-attack, the most interesting part of Van Gogh's life
occurrent
Definition: An entity [bfo:Entity] that has temporal parts and that happens, unfolds or develops through time. Sometimes also called perdurants.
Examples: the life of an organism, a surgical operation as processual context for a nosocomical infection, the spatiotemporal context occupied by a process of cellular meiosis, the most interesting part of Van Gogh's life, the spatiotemporal region occupied by the development of a cancer tumor
Synonyms: perdurant
process
Definition: A processual entity [span:ProcessualEntity] that is a maximally connected spatiotemporal whole and has bona fide beginnings and endings corresponding to real discontinuities.
Examples: the life of an organism, the process of sleeping, the process of cell-division
process_aggregate
Definition: A processual entity [span:ProcessualEntity] that is a mereological sum of process [span:Process] entities and possesses non-connected boundaries.
Examples: the beating of the hearts of each of seven individuals in the room, the playing of each of the members of an orchestra, a process of digestion and a process of thinking taken together
process_boundary
Definition: A processual entity [span:ProcessualEntity] that is the fiat or bona fide instantaneous temporal process boundary.
Examples: birth, death, the forming of a synapse, the onset of REM sleep, the detaching of a finger in an industrial accident, the final separation of two cells at the end of cell-division, the incision at the beginning of a surgery
processual_context
Comment: An instance of a processual context [span:ProcessualContext] is a mixture of processual entity [span:ProcessualEntity] which stand as surrounding environments for other processual entity [span:ProcessualEntity] entities. The class processual context [span:ProcessualContext] is the analogous among occurrent [span:Occurrent] entities to the class site [snap:Site] among continuant [snap:Continuant] entities.
Definition: An occurrent [span:Occurrent] consisting of a characteristic spatial shape inhering in some arrangement of other occurrent [span:Occurrent] entities. Processual context [span:ProcessualContext] entities are characteristically entities at or in which other occurrent [span:Occurrent] entities can be located or occur.
Examples: The processual context for a given manipulation occurring as part of an experiment is made of processual entities which occur in parallel, are not necessarily all parts of the experiment themselves and may involve continuant [snap:Continuant] entities which are in the spatial vicinity of the participants in the experiment.
processual_entity
Definition: An occurrent [span:Occurrent] that exists in time by occurring or happening, has temporal parts and always involves and depends on some entity.
Examples: the life of an organism, the process of meiosis, the course of a disease, the flight of a bird
scattered_spatiotemporal_region
Definition: A spatiotemporal region [span:SpatiotemporalRegion] that has spatial and temporal dimensions and every spatial and temporal point of which is not connected with every other spatial and temporal point of which.
Examples: the space and time occupied by the individual games of the World Cup, the space and time occupied by the individual liaisons in a romantic affair
scattered_temporal_region
Definition: A temporal region [span:TemporalRegion] every point of which is not mediately or immediately connected with every other point of which.
Examples: the time occupied by the individual games of the World Cup, the time occupied by the individual liaisons in a romantic affair
spatiotemporal_instant
Definition: A connected spatiotemporal region [span:ConnectedSpatiotemporalRegion] at a specific moment.
Examples: the spatiotemporal region occupied by a single instantaneous temporal slice (part) of a process
spatiotemporal_interval
Definition: A connected spatiotemporal region [span:ConnectedSpatiotemporalRegion] that endures for more than a single moment of time.
Examples: the spatiotemporal region occupied by a process or by a fiat processual part
spatiotemporal_region
Comment: All instances of occurrent [span:Occurrent] are spatiotemporal entities, that is, they enter in the relation of (spatiotemporal) location with spatiotemporal region [span:SpatiotemporalRegion] entities. As a particular case, the exact spatiotemporal location of a spatiotemporal region [span:SpatiotemporalRegion] is this region itself.
Comment: An instance of the spatiotemporal region [span:SpatiotemporalRegion] is a part of spacetime. All parts of spacetime are spatiotemporal region [span:SpatiotemporalRegion] entities and only spatiotemporal region [span:SpatiotemporalRegion] entities are parts of spacetime. In particular, neither spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion] entities nor temporal region [span:TemporalRegion] entities are in BFO parts of spacetime. Spacetime is the entire extent of the spatiotemporal universe, a designated individual, which is thus itself a spatiotemporal region [span:SpatiotemporalRegion]. Spacetime is among occurrents the analogous of space among continuant [snap:Continuant] entities.
Comment: Spacetime and spatiotemporal region [span:SpatiotemporalRegion] entities are entities in their own rights which exist independently of any entities which can be located at them. This view of spacetime can be called "absolutist" or "the container view". In BFO, the class processual context [span:ProcessualContext] allows for a so-called relational view of spacetime, that is to say, a view according to which spatiotemporality is a matter of relative location between entities and not a matter of being tied to spacetime. In BFO, the bridge between these two views is secured through the fact that instances of processual context [span:ProcessualContext] are too spatiotemporal entities.
Definition: An occurrent [span:Occurrent] at or in which processual entity [span:ProcessualEntity] entities can be located.
Examples: the spatiotemporal region occupied by a human life, the spatiotemporal region occupied by the development of a cancer tumor, the spatiotemporal context occupied by a process of cellular meiosis
temporal_instant
Definition: A connected temporal region [span:ConnectedTemporalRegion] comprising a single moment of time.
Examples: right now, the moment at which a finger is detached in an industrial accident, the moment at which a child is born, the moment of death
temporal_interval
Definition: A connected temporal region [span:ConnectedTemporalRegion] lasting for more than a single moment of time.
Examples: any continuous temporal duration during which a process occurs
temporal_region
Comment: All instances of occurrent [span:Occurrent] are temporal entities, that is, they enter in the relation of (temporal) location with temporal region [span:TemporalRegion] entities. As a particular case, the exact spatiotemporal location of a temporal region [span:TemporalRegion] is this region itself. Continuant [snap:Continuant] entities are not temporal entities in the technical sense just explained; they are related to time in a different way, not through temporal location but through a relation of existence at a time or during a period of time (see continuant [snap:Continuant].
Comment: An instance of temporal region [span:TemporalRegion] is a part of time. All parts of time are temporal region [span:TemporalRegion] entities and only temporal region [span:TemporalRegion] entities are parts of time. Time is the entire extent of the temporal universe, a designated individual, which is thus a temporal region itself.
Comment: Time and temporal region [span:TemporalRegion] entities are entities in their own rights which exist independently of any entities which can be located at them. This view of time can be called "absolutist" or "the container view" in analogy to what is traditionally the case with space (see spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion].
Definition: An occurrent [span:Occurrent] that is part of time.
Examples: the time it takes to run a marathon, the duration of a surgical procedure, the moment of death
example to be eventually removed
failed exploratory term
Person:Alan Ruttenberg
The term was used used in an attempt to structure part of the ontology but in retrospect failed to do a good job
metadata complete
Class has all its metadata, but is either not guaranteed to be in its final location in the asserted IS_A hierarchy or refers to another class that is not complete.
organizational term
term created to ease viewing/sort terms for development purpose, and will not be included in a release
ready for release
Class has undergone final review, is ready for use, and will be included in the next release. Any class lacking "ready_for_release" should be considered likely to change place in hierarchy, have its definition refined, or be obsoleted in the next release. Those classes deemed "ready_for_release" will also derived from a chain of ancestor classes that are also "ready_for_release."
metadata incomplete
Class is being worked on; however, the metadata (including definition) are not complete or sufficiently clear to the branch editors.
uncurated
Nothing done yet beyond assigning a unique class ID and proposing a preferred term.
pending final vetting
All definitions, placement in the asserted IS_A hierarchy and required minimal metadata are complete. The class is awaiting a final review by someone other than the definition editor.
core
Core is an instance of a grouping of terms from an ontology or ontologies. It is used by the ontology to identify main classes.
PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg
PERSON: Melanie Courtot
placeholder removed
terms merged
An editor note should explain what were the merged terms and the reason for the merge.
term imported
This is to be used when the original term has been replaced by a term imported from an other ontology. An editor note should indicate what is the URI of the new term to use.
term split
This is to be used when a term has been split in two or more new terms. An editor note should indicate the reason for the split and indicate the URIs of the new terms created.
other
This is to be used if none of the existing instances cover the reason for obsolescence. An editor note should indicate this new reason.
We expect to be able to mine these new reasons and add instances as required.
universal
A Formal Theory of Substances, Qualities, and Universals, http://ontology.buffalo.edu/bfo/SQU.pdf
Alan Ruttenberg
Hard to give a definition for. Intuitively a "natural kind" rather than a collection of any old things, which a class is able to be, formally. At the meta level, universals are defined as positives, are disjoint with their siblings, have single asserted parents.
defined class
"definitions", in some readings, always are given by necessary and sufficient conditions. So one must be careful (and this is difficult sometimes) to distinguish between defined classes and universal.
A defined class is a class that is defined by a set of logically necessary and sufficient conditions but is not a universal
Alan Ruttenberg
named class expression
A named class expression is a logical expression that is given a name. The name can be used in place of the expression.
Alan Ruttenberg
named class expressions are used in order to have more concise logical definition but their extensions may not be interesting classes on their own. In languages such as OWL, with no provisions for macros, these show up as actuall classes. Tools may with to not show them as such, and to replace uses of the macros with their expansions
to be replaced with external ontology term
Alan Ruttenberg
Terms with this status should eventually replaced with a term from another ontology.
group:OBI
requires discussion
A term that is metadata complete, has been reviewed, and problems have been identified that require discussion before release. Such a term requires editor note(s) to identify the outstanding issues.
Alan Ruttenberg
group:OBI